Olivine Crystal Imiterere ni iki?

Olivine kristaliste igizwe na orthorhombic aho silikoni yitaruye - ogisijeni tetrahedra (SiO₄) ihujwe nicyuma gifata ibibanza bya octahedral. Iyi miterere irashobora kugaragara nkurwego rufunze - rwuzuye rwuzuye rwa atome ya ogisijeni, hamwe na kimwe cya kabiri cyubusa bwa octahedral cyuzuyemo magnesium cyangwa ion ion hamwe nimwe - umunani yubusa bwa tetrahedral bukorwa na silicon.

Itsinda rya olivine riratondekanya muri sisitemu ya orthorhombic kristal munsi yumwanya witsinda Pbnm (nayo yagenwe nka Pnma muburyo butandukanye). Ubu buryo bwibanze busobanura uburyo atome zitondekanya muri kasitori ya kirisiti kandi bigira ingaruka ku miterere yimyunyu ngugu.

Akagari kamwe karimo ibice bine (Z =4) kandi byerekana amashoka atatu ataringaniye ahuza kuruhande. Kuri forsterite (Mg₂SiO₄), ibipimo bisanzwe bya lattice ni hafi=4.75 Å, b=10.20 Å, na c=5.98 Å. Muri fayalite (Fe₂SiO₄), ibyo bipimo byaguka gato kuri=4.82 Å, b=10.48 Å, na c=6.09 Å kubera radiyo nini ya ionic ugereranije na magnesium.

Ikibanza cya Pbnm cyerekana izina ryingenzi. Iri tsinda ryumwanya ririmo indege zindorerwamo hamwe na centre ya inversion, ikora imbogamizi zihariye zijyanye na atome. Imyanya itatu itandukanye ya ogisijeni itandukanye (O1, O2, O3) ibaho murwego, hamwe na O1 na O2 baryamye ku ndege zindorerwamo mugihe O3 ifite umwanya rusange udafite uburinganire bwihariye.

Intandaro yimiterere ya olivine iri muri tetrahedron ya SiO₄⁴⁻ yonyine, aho atome ya silicon yo hagati ihuza hamwe na atome enye za ogisijeni ikikije. Izi tetrahedra zirigenga rwose - ntabwo zisangira atome ya ogisijeni na tetrahedra ituranye, ishyira olivine nka nesosilicate cyangwa orthosilicate. Buri Si - O ingwate ingana na 1.63-1.66 Å kandi ikerekana imico ikomeye.

Tetrahedra isimburana mu cyerekezo, yerekana hejuru no hepfo kumurongo ugereranije na kristu ya c - axis. Ubu buryo bwo guhinduranya butangiza imiyoboro muburyo ibyuma bishobora guturamo. Iion ya silicon ifata ikibanza kimwe gusa kristalografiya itandukanye yicaye kumurongo windorerwamo, bivuze ko atome zose za silicon mumiterere zifitanye isano nibikorwa bifatika.

Ibyuma byerekana (mubisanzwe Mg²⁺ cyangwa Fe²⁺) bifata ibibanza bibiri bitandukanye bya octahedral yanditseho M1 na M2. Urubuga M1 rwicaye kuri centre inversion kandi rukora octahedron igoretse hamwe na atome esheshatu zikikije ogisijeni. Ibyuma - uburebure bwa ogisijeni mu burebure bwa M1 kuva kuri 2.07 - 2.13 Å kuri magnesium. Urubuga M2 ruri ku ndege yindorerwamo kandi rukora octahedron nini, isanzwe hamwe na MO intera ya 2.04-2.21 Å.

Itandukaniro riri hagati yimbuga za M1 na M2 rifite ingaruka zikomeye zukuntu cations zitandukanye zikwirakwiza mu miterere. Muri magnesium - ibyuma bikomeye byakemuwe, Mg²⁺ na Fe²⁺ byerekana urubuga ruto - byombi bifata imbuga za M1 na M2 nta guhitamo gukomeye. Nyamara, muri calcium - itwara olivine nka monticellite (CaMgSiO₄), Ca²⁺ ion nini cyane cyane yinjira ahantu hanini M2 mugihe Mg²⁺ ishyigikiye imyanya mito ya M1.

olivine crystal structure

Ubundi buryo bwo gusobanura imiterere ya olivine bushimangira ogisijeni sublattice. Anion ya ogisijeni ikora hafi ya mpande enye zingana - zipakiye (hcp) umurongo zegeranye ku murongo -. Uru rutonde rutanga scafolding kuri silicon nicyuma cations ubwazo.

Muri iyi gahunda ya ogisijeni ya hcp, ibyuma byuzuza kimwe cya kabiri cyubusa bwa octahedral iboneka, mugihe atome ya silicon ifata kimwe - umunani cyumwanya wa tetrahedral. Ikibanza cyatoranijwe kibamo kiranga olivine stoichiometry ya M₂SiO₄, aho M igereranya ibyuma bisa.

Buri atome ya ogisijeni ihuza silikoni imwe na atome eshatu z'icyuma, ikora ibice bitatu -. Atome ya ogisijeni ntabwo ihwanye - imyanya itatu itandukanye ya ogisijeni (O1, O2, O3) ifite aho ihurira gato n’ibidukikije hamwe n’intera ya atome ituranye. Ihindagurika ryibibanza bya ogisijeni bigira uruhare muburyo rusange bwubatswe kandi bigira ingaruka kumiterere nko kwagura ubushyuhe no kwikuramo.

Imirongo yuruhande - kugabana octahedra yagura ibangikanye nindege (100), umusaraba - uhujwe na tetrahedra ya SiO₄ yitaruye. Iyi miterere iranga ingenzi cyane cyane mukibazo gishyizwe mubikorwa, kuko ikora indege zishobora kunyerera zigira ingaruka kumikorere ya olivine nubukanishi bwa seisimike.

Imiterere ya kristu ya Olivine yakira igisubizo gihamye hagati ya magnesium end - umunyamuryango wa forsterite (Mg₂SiO₄) nu mpera yicyuma - umunyamuryango fayalite (Fe₂SiO₄). Uku kwibeshya kwuzuye kurahari kubera ko Mg²⁺ (radiyo ionic ~ 0,72 Å) na Fe²⁺ (ionic radius ~ 0,77 Å) itandukanye mubunini hafi 7% gusa, ibemerera gusimbuza ubusa nta kugoreka cyane imiterere ya kristu.

Ibihimbano bisanzwe bigaragazwa nkibice byijana, nka Fo₇₀Fa₃₀ (cyangwa Fo₇₀ gusa), byerekana 70% forsterite na 30% fayalite. Olivine isanzwe ivuye mu bitare bya mafi isanzwe itandukana kuva Fo₅₀ kugeza Fo₉₀, naho olivine ya mantle muri rusange ni magnesian, hamwe nibihimbano bikikije Fo₈₈ kugeza Fo₉₂.

Ibipimo bya lattice byiyongera hafi kumurongo hamwe nibyuma. Nka Fe²⁺ isimbuye Mg²⁺, selile selile iraguka kuko ubunini bwicyuma busunika atome kure gato. Iyi sano irahanurwa kuburyo ibipimo bya selile bishobora gukoreshwa kugirango hamenyekane olivine hamwe nukuri.

Usibye Mg - Gusimbuza Fe, imiterere ya olivine irashobora gushiramo umubare muto wizindi cations. Kalisiyumu yinjira muburyo buke, ukunda urubuga M2. Manganese (muri tephroite, Mn₂SiO₄) irashobora gusimbuza magnesium cyangwa fer. Kurikirana urugero rwa nikel, chromium, ndetse nicyuma cya ferricike (Fe³⁺) kirashobora gusimburwa mubibanza bya octahedral, nubwo mubice bito.

Imiterere ya Olivine ikomeza guhagarara neza mugihe cyumuvuduko wubushyuhe. Nkuko ubujyakuzimu bwiyongera mu Isi, gahunda ya olivine ihinduka imbaraga zidahinduka kandi igahinduka polymorphs yuzuye kandi ifite kristu zitandukanye.

Ku burebure bwa kilometero 410 (bihuye n’umuvuduko uri hafi ya 14 GPa), olivine ihura na exothermic phase yimuka kuri wadsleyite. Ihinduka ririmo gahunda ihindagurika yuburyo aho ogisijeni sublattice iva kuri mpande esheshatu - gupakira yerekeza kuri cubic. Wadsleyite igumana imiterere ya orthorhombic ariko ifata spinel yahinduwe - nkimiterere hamwe na atome zimwe na zimwe za silicon muburyo bwo guhuza octahedral.

Byimbitse mu mwenda w'isi, ku burebure bwa kilometero 520 (18-20 GPa), wadsleyite ihinduka ringwoodite, ifata imiterere ya cubic spinel. Muri ringwoodite, silicon yose ifata ibibanza bya octahedral aho kuba tetrahedral. Izi nzibacyuho zitera ubucucike butunguranye bwiyongera abahanga mu bumenyi bw'ikirere berekana ko ari ihagarikwa ry’umuvuduko w’imitingito.

Umuvuduko izo nzibacyuho ziterwa nubushyuhe nibigize. Icyuma - olivine ikungahaye ihinduka kumuvuduko muke kuruta magnesium - ubwoko bukize. Kuri dogere 800, forsterite yera ihinduka kuri wadsleyite kuri 11.8 GPa, mugihe wadsleyite - kugeza - inzibacyuho ya ringwoodite iba hejuru ya 14 GPa. Icyuma cyuma - umunyamuryango fayalite asimbuka imiterere ya wadsleyite rwose hanyuma agahinduka ahrensite (icyuma - cyerekana analogwoodite) kumuvuduko wo hasi.

olivine crystal structure

Imiterere ya olivine isubiza muburyo budasanzwe kumuvuduko ukoreshwa - ibyerekezo bitandukanye bya kristu byerekana kugabanuka kubiciro bitandukanye. M2 octahedron ikanda byoroshye kurenza M1 octahedron mubice byose kuva forsterite kugeza fayalite. Uku kwikuramo gutandukanya bibaho kuberako urubuga M2 rufite ubunini bunini bwambere kandi byoroshye guhinduka muburyo bwawo.

Ubushakashatsi bumwe - kristu X - ubushakashatsi bwo gutandukanya imirasire igera kuri 8 GPa bugaragaza ko uburebure bwa M2 - O burebure bugufi bwihuta kurenza M1-O ku gahato. M1 octahedron igenda igabanuka cyane hamwe no kongera ibyuma, ibyo bikaba bitera paradox muburyo bwinshi (kurwanya muri rusange kwikuramo) kwiyongera gato kuva kuri forsterite kugera kuri fayalite-ibisubizo byambere bivuguruzanya kuva icyuma kiremereye kuruta magnesium.

Ubushyuhe bugira ingaruka muburyo butandukanye. Ubushyuhe butera ingirabuzimafatizo kwaguka, hamwe na b - axis yerekana koeffisiyeti nini yo kwagura ubushyuhe. Ubushakashatsi bukabije - ubushakashatsi kuri forsterite bugera kuri dogere 900 bwerekana ko uburebure bwa M - O bwiyongera kuri gahunda, ariko imiterere yibanze ya topologiya ntigihinduka kugeza igihe ubushyuhe bwashitse.

SiO₄ tetrahedra yerekana ko ikomeye cyane ugereranije nicyuma - okisijeni octahedra. Si {2} Ubwinshi bwimiterere yimiterere iva mubyahinduwe muri M - O uburebure bwuburinganire nu mfuruka hagati ya polyhedra aho kwikuramo polyhedra ubwabo.

Imiterere ya olivine isanga ikoreshwa ryikoranabuhanga murilitiro ya fer ya fosifate(LiFePO₄ cyangwa LFP). Yavumbuwe nkibikoresho bya cathode mu 1996, fosifate ya lithium fer ifata ubwoko bwibanze bwa olivine nki minerval olivine, nubwo hamwe na fosifate isimbuza tetrahedra ya silikatike yonyine.

Muri LiFePO₄, imiterere ikomeza uburinganire bwa orthorhombic (itsinda ryumwanya Pnma / Pbnm) hamwe nibipimo bya lattice=6.008 Å, b=10.334 Å, na c=4.693 Å. Atome y'icyuma ifata ibibanza bya octahedrale (ikora FeO₆ octahedra), mugihe atome ya fosifore yicaye ahantu tetrahedral (ikora PO₄ tetrahedra), bigereranywa nuburyo atome yicyuma na silikoni itunganya olivine minerval.

Itandukaniro ryibanze riri muri lithium yinyongera. Liyiyumu ion iba mumiyoboro ya octahedral mumiterere, itunganijwe muburyo bwa zigzag. Mugihe cyo kwishyuza bateri no gusohora, ioni ya lithium irashobora gukurwa muburyo butandukanye hanyuma ikinjizwa muriyi miyoboro idasenyutse shingiro rya olivine. Icyuma kinyura mumagare ya redox hagati ya Fe²⁺ na Fe³⁺ kugirango igumane uburimbane nkuko lithium igenda isohoka.

Uku guhagarara kwimiterere - twarazwe mubwubatsi bukomeye bwa olivine - biha bateri LiFePO₄ ibiranga umutekano udasanzwe nubuzima burebure. Imbaraga zikomeye P - O za covalent muri fosifate tetrahedra irwanya irekurwa rya ogisijeni, ikarinda ingaruka ziterwa nubushyuhe bwangiza izindi lithium - chemisties ya batiri. Batteri yubucuruzi ya LFP irashobora kugera kumafaranga arenga 3.000 - yo gusohora mugihe ikomeza ubushobozi.

Imiterere ya olivine ishyiraho imbogamizi imwe: ion ya lithium igomba gukwirakwira binyuze mumiyoboro imwe - ikurikiranye na axe ya kristu aho kugenda mu bwisanzure mubice bitatu. Ibi bigabanya ubushobozi bwa ionic nubushobozi bwibipimo. Abashakashatsi babikemura binyuze muri nanostructures (kugabanya ingano yingingo kugirango bagabanye inzira yo gukwirakwiza) hamwe na karubone (kunoza uburyo bwa elegitoronike). Impinduka zahinduwe nka lithium manganese fer fosifate (LMFP) ikomeza imiterere ya olivine mugihe isimbuza manganese icyuma kugirango yongere imbaraga zumuriro.

Ubusobanuro bugezweho bwimiterere ya olivine buturuka cyane cyane kuri tekinike ya X -. William Lawrence Bragg na GB Brown biyemeje bwa mbere imiterere ya kristu ya forsterite mu 1926 bakoresheje uburyo bwa X - raystallography. Ibikorwa byabo byashizeho olivine igizwe na SiO₄ tetrahedra yitaruye - ubushishozi bwibanze bwa minisiteri ya silikatike.

Imirasire imwe - kristu X - itandukanya imirasire ikomeza kuba igipimo cya zahabu kugirango hamenyekane neza imiterere. Agace gato ka olivine kristal (mubisanzwe 0.1 - 0,5 mm) gashyirwa kuri goniometero hanyuma ikazunguruka binyuze mumirasire ya X. Uburyo bwo gutandukanya ibivamo burimo ibihumbi nibitekerezo byihariye, buri kimwe kigereranya urwego rutandukanye rwindege. Porogaramu ihanitse itunganya imyanya ya atome, ibipimo by'ubushyuhe, hamwe nakazi ka site kugirango bihuze ubukana bwagaragaye.

Gutandukanya Neutron bitanga amakuru yuzuzanya, cyane cyane mugushakisha atome ya hydrogène (mugice cya hydrous) no gutandukanya ibintu bifite numero ya electron isa na magnesium na aluminium. Ubushakashatsi bwa Neutron busaba kristu nini nibikoresho byihariye bifite isoko ya neutron, ariko bitanga ibisobanuro bihanitse byo kumenya imiterere ya magneti hamwe nibintu bimwe byoroheje.

Ikwirakwizwa rya electron microscopi (TEM) risuzuma imiterere ya olivine kuri nanoscale, ikagaragaza inenge, imbibi za domaine, hamwe nuburyo butandukanye butagaragara kuburyo bwo gutandukanya. Hejuru - gukemura TEM irashobora gushushanya inkingi ya atome ya buri muntu, igaragara neza muburyo bwa atome. Ibi birakomera cyane mugihe wiga ingero zahinduwe cyangwa inzibacyuho aho imiterere itandukana intera nto.

Raman na infragre spekitroscopi probe olivine ikoresheje uburyo bwo guhindagurika. SiO₄ tetrahedron ifite uburyo bune bwibanze bwo kunyeganyega, kandi imirongo yabyo biterwa na Si - O imbaraga zubusabane hamwe nibidukikije byubatswe. Ibigize bigira ingaruka kuri vibrasiyo yinshyi muburyo buteganijwe - forsterite yerekana impinga zitandukanye zerekana fayalite kuko Fe - O inkwano zifite intege nke kurenza Mg - O. Ubu buhanga bwa spekitroscopique bukora butari - bwangiza kandi burashobora kuranga utuntu duto cyangwa ibiyirimo.

Gahunda ya kristu yerekana neza olivine igaragara. Ubusanzwe imyunyu ngugu igaragara ya elayo - icyatsi kubera ko Fe²⁺ ion mu guhuza octahedral ikurura urumuri mu burebure bwihariye, ikwirakwiza icyatsi. Forsterite yera ntigira ibara ryumuhondo wijimye - icyatsi, mugihe icyuma - ibihimbano bikungahaye bigaragara icyatsi kibisi cyijimye - umukara.

Olivine yerekana kuvunika kwa conhoidal aho gutandukana kuko uburyo butatu - buringaniye bwa tetrahedra yitaruye ihujwe na octahedra itanga ubumwe bukomeye muburyo bwose. Nta ndege yintege nke ibaho muburyo bugereranywa nimpapuro zubatswe muri mika cyangwa silicates ya layer. Iyo olivine ivunitse, ivunika bidasanzwe muburyo butandukanye aho gutandukana nindege yihariye.

Imiterere ya orthorhombic ikora imiterere ya anisotropique - Ibiranga umubiri biratandukanye nicyerekezo cya kristu. Umuvuduko wa Seisimike uratandukanye bitewe nicyerekezo cyo gukwirakwiza ugereranije na kristu. Icyerekezo cyihuta cyihuta gihuye na - axis, umuvuduko wo hagati ugana c -, kandi umuvuduko gahoro kuri b - axis. Iyi anisotropy ya seisimike muri mantle olivine ifasha abahanga mu bumenyi bwa geofiziki gusobanura icyerekezo nubunini bwimigezi ya mantle.

Ubukomere (6.5 - 7 ku gipimo cya Mohs) n'ubucucike (3.27 - 3.37 g / cm³ kuri forsterite, 4.39 g / cm³ kuri fayalite) byombi bifitanye isano no gupakira neza imiterere n'imbaraga z'ububiko bwa ogisijeni. Urwego rwa ogisijeni rwinshi hamwe n’intera ngufi ya ogisijeni mu miterere ya olivine itera imyunyu ngugu ikomeye kandi yuzuye irwanya ikirere cy’imiterere y’imiterere y’isi.

olivine crystal structure

Kirisitu ya olivine nyayo irimo ubusembwa bwimiterere bugira ingaruka zikomeye kumyitwarire yabo. Inenge zingingo zirimo imyanya (atome zabuze), interstisitale (atome ziyongereye zinjijwe mumyanya isanzwe idatuwe), hamwe nudusimburwa (atome zitari zo kurubuga rusanzwe). Izi nenge, nubwo zidasanzwe, igenzura igipimo cyo gukwirakwiza no gukwirakwiza amashanyarazi mugukora inzira zo kugenda ionic.

Dislocations - umurongo utagira inenge aho gahunda isanzwe ya kristallografiya isenyuka - yiganje mumikorere ya olivine. Dislocation creep (ingendo yiyi nenge ikoresheje kristu) yerekana uburyo bukomeye bwo guhindura ibintu muri mantle olivine mugihe cya geologiya. Sisitemu yihariye yo kunyerera (indege ya kristu yerekana icyerekezo cya dislokisiyo) igena uburyo ibinyampeke bya olivine bihinduka kandi bigateza imbere icyerekezo cya kristu.

Inenge yagutse nkimbibi zimbuto nimbibi zimpanga zikora intera aho imiterere ya kristu iva mubyerekezo yerekeza mubindi. Izi mipaka zigira ingaruka kumashanyarazi kandi zitanga inzira yihuta yo gukwirakwiza imiti. Imipaka yo kugabanuka - hasi - imbibi zinguni zigizwe nimirongo ya dislocations - zitezimbere muri olivine yahinduwe kandi yandika amateka yo guhindura ibintu.

Ku isi, ikirere cya olivine cyihuta nubwo gifite imiterere ikomeye. Molekules zamazi zirashobora kwinjirira mu nenge nimbibi zimbuto, zifata na olivine. Igicuruzwa gikunze guhinduka ni inzoka, ikorwa mugihe molekile zamazi zinjiye mumiterere: 2Mg₂SiO₄ + 3 H₂O → Mg₃Si₂O₅ (OH) ₄ + Mg (OH) ₂. Iyi reaction yagura amajwi yumwimerere 30-40% kandi isenya imiterere ya olivine yumwimerere, iyisimbuza urupapuro rwa silikatike.

Ibindi bicuruzwa byahinduwe birimo iddingsite (ihazabu - ivangwa ryuruvange rwa okiside yicyuma namabuye y ibumba) hamwe na bowlingite (fer hydrated - ifite silikate). Izi nzira zo guhindura zigenda zihuta cyane kumirongo no kumpande za kirisiti aho amazi ashobora kugera kumiterere byoroshye. Gusimbuza pseudomorphic byuzuye birashobora kubaho, aho ibikoresho byahinduwe bigumana imiterere ya kristu yo hanze mugihe imiterere yimbere ihinduka rwose mumabuye ya kabiri.

Niki gitandukanya imiterere ya olivine nandi mabuye y'agaciro ya silikate?

Olivine irimo SiO₄ tetrahedra yitaruye idasangiye atome ya ogisijeni, isobanura ko ari nesosilicate. Ibi bihabanye na silicate yumunyururu (nka pyroxène), silicates yamabati (nka micas), hamwe na silicates ya çarque (nka quartz) aho tetrahedra isangira ogisijeni kugirango ikore ibintu byagutse. Tetrahedra yitaruye irema umuyoboro wuzuye - urwego rufatanije hamwe nicyuma - ogisijeni.

Kuki olivine ifite ibyuma bibiri bitandukanye (M1 na M2)?

Imiterere ya orthorhombic hamwe nuburyo bwihariye bwo gupakira atome ya ogisijeni ikora imyanya ibiri itandukanye ya octahedral itandukanye hamwe nubunini butandukanye no kugoreka. M1 yicaye kuri centre inversion kandi ni ntoya kandi iragoretse, mugihe M2 aryamye mu ndege yindorerwamo kandi nini kandi isanzwe. Iri tandukaniro rigira ingaruka kuri cations zikunda imbuga kandi zikagenzura ibintu bifatika.

Nigute ibihimbano bigira ingaruka kumiterere ya olivine?

Nka fer isimbuza magnesium hakurya ya forsterite - fayalite, selile yingingo yaguka kimwe kuko Fe²⁺ nini kuruta Mg²⁺. Imiterere yibanze ya topologiya ntigihinduka - itsinda rimwe ryumwanya umwe, imyanya imwe ya atome, ibidukikije bihuza. Uburebure bwa Bond bwiyongera gato, ariko gahunda ya atome igumaho cyane. Ibi bituma igisubizo cyuzuye gihamye hagati yabanyamuryango -.

Imiterere ya olivine irashobora kwakira amazi cyangwa ibindi bihindagurika?

Imiterere ya olivine isanzwe nta matsinda ya hydroxyl cyangwa amazi ya molekile. Nyamara, urugero rwa hydrogène irashobora gushiramo nkinenge - mubisanzwe nkitsinda rya OH risimbuza atome ya ogisijeni cyangwa gutura ahantu hasanzwe. Ibirimo "amazi" bikomeza kuba bike cyane (mubisanzwe<50 ppm by weight), but even trace hydrogen significantly affects electrical conductivity and diffusion rates. Water content increases with pressure, making transition zone olivine polymorphs potentially important water reservoirs in Earth's deep interior.

Imiterere ya olivine kristu yerekana ibintu byingenzi bikurikira:

Sisitemu ya Crystal: Orthorhombic hamwe nitsinda ryumwanya Pbnm (cyangwa Pnma muburyo butandukanye)

Ibipimo bya Lattice:

Forsterite: a 75 4.75 Å, b ≈ 10.20 Å, c ≈ 5.98 Å

Fayalite: ≈ 4.82 Å, b ≈ 10.48 Å, c ≈ 6.09 Å

Inyubako: Tetrahedra ya SiO₄ yitaruye ihujwe nicyuma - ogisijeni octahedra (MO₆)

Imbuga: Imyanya ibiri itandukanye ya octahedral (M1 na M2) ifite ubunini butandukanye no kugoreka

Umwanya wa Oxygene: Imyanya itatu itandukanye ya ogisijeni itandukanijwe mubice bitamenyerewe

Ubwoko bw'imiterere: Hexagonal ifunga - yuzuye ogisijeni igizwe na cations muri tetrahedral na octahedral.

Ibyiciro: Nesosilicate (orthosilicate) kubera ibice bya tetrahedral byitaruye

Guhuza ibikorwa: Si muri 4-guhuza (tetrahedral), M cations muri 6-guhuza (octahedral)

Uru rwego rwimiterere rugaragaza imbaraga zidasanzwe, rukomeza gushikama kurwego rugizwe n’ibidukikije bya geologiya ndetse runatanga umusingi wibikoresho bya batiri bigezweho mubikorwa byikoranabuhanga. Imiterere ya olivine ihuza imbaraga za covalent Si - O ihuza ibyuma byoroshye - guhuza ogisijeni bituma iba imwe mu miterere y’amabuye y'agaciro kandi atandukanye.