48V vs 36V Ikarita ya Carte ya Golf: Ninde kuri Fleet yawe
Turabazwa iki kibazo buri gihe. Kandi mubyukuri, kuri 90% yibikorwa byubucuruzi bibaza uyumunsi, igisubizo ni 48V. Ntabwo ari ukubera ko "ari byiza" muburyo budasobanutse, ariko kubera ko sisitemu ya 36V itakozwe na OEM nini kuva muri 2008. Niba ugura ibishya, ugura 48V. Icyemezo nyacyo nicyo kibaho kumato yawe ya 36V asanzwe, kandi niba guhindura lithium byumvikana kumafaranga kubikorwa byawe.
Ibyo byavuzwe, Narebye amakipe atanga amasoko atakaza amafaranga akomeye kumpande zombi zingana. Gukoresha amafaranga menshi yo kuzamura ubushobozi budakenewe. Kudakoresha ibikorwa remezo hanyuma ugakemura ikibazo cya charger nyuma y'amezi atandatu. Kugerageza guhinduranya voltage igura ibirenze gusimbuza amakarita. Amakosa arahanurwa umaze kubona bihagije.
Icyuho cya tekiniki mu magambo yo mu kibaya
Sisitemu ya 48V ishushanya bike kugirango itange imbaraga zimwe. Kuri watts 2,400, ni 50 amps na 66.7 amps kuri 36V. Kugabanuka kwubu bivuze ubushyuhe buke mumashanyarazi yawe, kugenzura, na moteri. Twabonye umugenzuzi ushyushye akoresha dogere 15-20 kuri firime ya 48V mugupima umutwaro umwe. Ubushyuhe nicyo bwica ibikoresho bya elegitoroniki mugihe, ibi rero nibyingenzi kuramba.
Ibindi bikorwa bitandukanye ni torque. Gukoresha moteri kuri voltage ndende byongera ingufu za torque hafi 25-33%. Ku masomo meza ya Florida, ntuzabibona. Ku misozi miremire muri Caroline cyangwa Arizona ubutayu hamwe nimpinduka zuburebure, abashyitsi bawe bazabikora rwose.
| 36V Sisitemu | 48V Sisitemu | |
|---|---|---|
| Kugeza ubu kuri 2,400W | 66.7A | 50A |
| Torque yiyongera | Ibyingenzi | +25-33% |
| Urwego (60Ah lithium, iringaniye) | Ibirometero 18-25 | Ibirometero 25-35 |
| Urwego (60Ah lithium, umusozi) | Ibirometero 12-18 | Ibirometero 20-28 |
Ikintu kimwe cyitiranya abantu: "48V" lithium mubyukuri ikora kuri nomero 51.2V kuko selile LiFePO4 ikora kuri 3.2V imwe, kandi paki isanzwe ikoresha selile 16 murukurikirane. Amasezerano yo kwita izina asigaye kuva kurongora - iminsi ya aside. Ibi bifite akamaro mugihe uhitamo charger no kugenzura metero ya SOC. Metero yahinduwe kugirango ikoreshwe - aside 48V ntishobora gusoma neza kuri lithium.
Impamvu Twahagaritse Gutanga 36V kubohereza
Imyaka itatu irashize, twakagombye kwerekana 36V lithium kubisabwa bimwe. Amato mato mato, ahantu hakeye, imbogamizi zingengo yimari. Kuzigama ibiciro byari bifite ireme kandi ikinyuranyo cyimikorere cyemewe.
Iyo mibare yarahindutse. Itandukaniro ryibiciro hagati ya 36V na 48V paki ya lithium yagabanutse kugera kuri $ 400 - 600 kuri buri gare. Hagati aho, isoko ryo kugurisha amakarito 36V rikomeje kugabanuka mugihe abaguzi bateganya ibibazo bizaza kuboneka. Iyo umukiriya adusabye kwerekana sisitemu ya 36V uyumunsi, dusubiza inyuma. Ntabwo ari ukubera ko 36V idakora, ariko kubera ko imyaka itanu itekereza ishyigikira ubuziranenge kuri 48V.
Ibidasanzwe ni imishinga ya retrofit kumato 36V asanzwe afite 5+ imyaka yubuzima bwa mashini busigaye. Guhindura ayo magare kuri 48V gake birumvikana (byinshi kuribi hepfo). Kureka mumashanyarazi ya 36V no kongera ubuzima bwa serivisi indi myaka icumi birashobora guhamagarwa neza.
Ubukungu bwa Fleet: Urupapuro rwerekana neza CFO Yacu
Ngiye gusangira icyitegererezo cya TCO dukoresha imbere, kuko imibare ivuga cyane kuruta ibitekerezo.
Ibitekerezo: amato 10-yikarita, iminsi 250 yo gukora / umwaka, gukoresha mu buryo bushyize mu gaciro (kilometero 15-20 kumunsi), ahantu havanze.
Kuyobora - Acide 48V Ikigereranyo (5 ans)
Batteri yambere: $ 10,000 ($ 1.000 / igare × 10)
Umwaka wa 3 usimburwa: $ 10,000 (ubuzima bwinzira zinaniwe)
Imirimo yo gufata neza: $ 5,000 (kuvomera, gusukura itumanaho, amafaranga angana)
Amashanyarazi: $ 6.500 (ubushobozi buke bwo kwishyurwa, inzinguzingo nyinshi)
Isaha idateganijwe: $ 2,500 (ugereranije, ukurikije amakuru yamateka)
Bose hamwe: $ 34,000
Litiyumu 48V Ikigereranyo (5 ans)
Batteri yambere: $ 22,000 ($ 2200 / igare × 10)
Gusimburwa: $ 0 (ubuzima bwikurikiranya burenze imyaka 5)
Imirimo yo gufata neza: $ 400 (kugenzura rimwe na rimwe)
Amashanyarazi: $ 4,000 (gukora neza, kuzenguruka gake)
Isaha idateganijwe: $ 300
Bose hamwe: $ 26.700
Kuzigama neza: $ 7.300 mumyaka 5, wongeyeho paki ya lithium igumana ubushobozi bwa 70% + mumyaka 6-10.
Igikorwa cya Pebble Beach cyasohoye ibyagaragaye nyuma yo guhindura amato yabo 142 -. Banditse amadolari 217.000 yo kuzigama mu myaka itatu, cyane cyane bivuye ku mirimo yo kuvomera no kugabanya guhagarika amafaranga yo ku manywa yo ku manywa (Continentalbattery.com). Ayo ni amadorari 510 kumagare kumwaka mukuzigama wenyine.
Kumurongo muremure - gukoresha amato akoresha ibirometero 30+ burimunsi, kwishyura byihuse. Twabonye kuruhuka - nubwo hakiri amezi 18 kumitungo ya resitora hamwe nuburyo bukoreshwa.
Ubushobozi Ikibazo Ntamuntu ubajije neza
Umuvuduko ubona ibitekerezo byose. Guhitamo ubushobozi niho amakipe atanga amasoko atakaza amafaranga.
Ipaki ya 150Ah kumasomo ya 18-mwobo ikora ibirometero 25 kumunsi isesagura umurwa mukuru. Urimo kwishyura urwego utazigera ukoresha. Ibinyuranye, 60Ah ipaki kumitungo yimisozi yimisozi ikora amasaha menshi bizasiga abashyitsi bahagaze kandi abakozi bihutira kwishyuza kuzunguruka.
Kubara ntabwo bigoye. Shushanya ikarita yawe ya buri munsi. Ongeraho 25% buffer yo gutesha agaciro no gukenera iminsi. Huza n'ubushobozi urwego.
Amasomo ya Golf (ibisanzwe 18-umwobo, 3-4 kuzenguruka / kumunsi):80-105Ah ikora ibikorwa byinshi. Ubutaka bwa Hilly busunika ku mpera yo hejuru.
Resort / kwakira abashyitsi (amasaha yongerewe, ahantu hatandukanye):105 - 135Ah itanga icyumba cyo gukoreramo iminsi 12+ iminsi yisaha nta kwishyuza hagati.
Umuryango w'izabukuru, ibigo:60-80Ah akenshi birahagije uhabwa umuvuduko wo hasi, inzira ngufi, nuburyo buteganijwe.
Inganda / zingirakamaro:135Ah + kuri bose - umunsi wo gukora nubushobozi buremereye.
Gukwirakwiza ibiciro ni ngombwa:
60Ah paki ikoresha $ 1,400-1,800 kumagare . 105 Ah paki ikoresha $ 2200-2, 800. 150 Ah paki ikoresha $ 3,200-4,000. Ntugure 150Ah mugihe 105Ah itwikiriye ibahasha yawe ikora. Ayo ni $ 10, 000+ mugukoresha bitari ngombwa mumato 10.
Umutego wo Guhindura Turakomeza kuburira abantu
Umuntu mumuryango wawe azagusaba guhindura amakarito yawe 36V kuri 48V "kuva tuzamuka kuri lithium uko byagenda kose." Ibi byumvikana kandi hafi buri gihe ni amakosa.
Ibigize casade ituma ihinduka ryubukungu riteye ubwoba. Ntushobora guhinduranya bateri gusa. Moteri yakomeretse kuri 36V kandi izashyuha kuri 48V mugihe cyibyumweru. Umugenzuzi ntashobora gukora voltage itandukanye. Insinga ziriho zirashobora gutondekwa kubiciro byo hejuru byo gusohora lithium itanga.
Igiciro cyo guhindura ibintu kuri buri gare: |
|
|---|---|
| 48V yamashanyarazi | $1,800 – 2,500 |
| Moteri nshya | $400 – 800 |
| Umugenzuzi mushya | $250 – 450 |
| Kuzamura insinga | $100 – 200 |
| Amashanyarazi | $200 – 350 |
| Umurimo | $200 – 400 |
Igiteranyo: $ 2,950-4,700 kuri buri gare, ukeka ko ntakibazo.
Igare ryakoreshejwe 48V mumeze neza rikoresha $ 4,000-6,500. Amagare mashya atangira hafi $ 7,000-9,000 hamwe na garanti yakozwe. Inzira yo guhindura ikaramu gusa mugihe amakadiri yawe asanzwe hamwe no guhagarikwa bifite ubuzima busigaye KANDI uhindura mubipimo kugirango ugabanye ibiciro byo gushiraho.
Naganiriye nibikorwa byagerageje guhinduranya voltage nta kuzamura ibice. Inyandiko zihuriro zirigisha. Umukoresha umwe kuri Cartaholics yasobanuye ibyamubayeho nyuma yo gushyiramo bateri 48V kumodoka ya 36V Club: gushyushya moteri kuri buri musozi, umugenzuzi uhagarika iminsi yubushyuhe, hanyuma amaherezo yishyurwa ryamadorari 1200 mumezi atatu.
Niki Mubyukuri Kugenda nabi (Kuva Amatike yo Gushyigikira hamwe na Forum Post)
Ibikoresho byo kwamamaza ntabwo bikubiyemo uburyo bwo gutsindwa. Ibi nibibazo tubona inshuro nyinshi mubikorwa byo gucuruza:
Ibikoresho byinshi bya 12V.
Abakiriya bagerageza kuzigama amafaranga ukoresheje paki eshatu za 12V za lithium mukurikirane aho kuba 36V cyangwa 48V imwe. Ibi bikora selile iringaniza inzozi. Imwe mu buhanga bw'inararibonye ku ihuriro rya Cartaholics yabivuze yeruye ati: "Wari ukwiye kugura bateri ya 36V, aho kuba bateri 3 × 12V. Buri cyerekezo cyo gusohora / kwishyuza kizabona ubushobozi bwo gupakira kugabanuka" kubera gusaza kwa selile zitandukanye. Mu mezi atandatu, uzaba ufite paki imwe igabanya izindi.
Amashanyarazi adahuye.
Kurongora - Amashanyarazi azangiza paki ya lithium. Kwishyuza umurongo ni bibi, guhagarika voltage ni bibi, hamwe na sisitemu - charger ya aside ikoresha impirimbanyi zingana zishobora gutuma BMS ihagarara. Twabonye garanti ya garanti ihakana byumwihariko kuberako abakiriya bakoresheje charger zisanzwe aho kugura lithium - ibice byihariye.
Wiring icyuho.
Amapaki ya Litiyumu arashobora gutanga umuvuduko mwinshi ako kanya kuruta aside - aside. Umugozi wumwimerere ufite ubunini bwa sisitemu {{2} rates igipimo cyo gusohora aside itera kugabanuka kwa voltage munsi yumutwaro. Ikimenyetso gisa na bateri idakomeye (kwihuta gahoro, gutakaza ingufu kumusozi) ariko bateri ni nziza. Intsinga nizo nzitizi. Ibi bikunze kugaragara cyane kumagare ashaje aho ruswa yongereye imbaraga zo kurwanya abayobora.
Uburyo bwo gusinzira.
Ibice bimwe bya BMS byinjira muburyo bwo gusinzira nyuma yamasaha 18-24 nta gikorwa. Ibikorwa byigihe bibika amakarito ibyumweru hagati yimikoreshereze bigaruka kumapaki atazakanguka nta buryo bwihariye bwo gusubiramo. Reba imyitwarire ya BMS mugihe cyo kubika mbere yo kugura.
Urujijo rwa metero ya SOC.
Ibi bisa nkibyoroheje kugeza umushyitsi akuyemo igare kuko metero yasomye 40% mugihe ubushobozi nyabwo bwari 5%. Kurongora - acide voltage umurongo utandukanye na lithium. Igipimo kibeshya. Cyangwa usimbuze lithium - ya metero ya Calibrated cyangwa abakozi ba gari ya moshi kugirango wirengagize igipimo gihari rwose.
Ibipimo byo Guhitamo Abacuruzi Bifite akamaro
Uwiteka batiri ya lithium golfisoko ryuzuyemo ibicuruzwa byera - ibicuruzwa biva mu ntoki zimwe zabakora inganda zo mu Bushinwa. Gutandukanya abacuruzi bisaba kureba imitwe yashize.
- Amagambo ya garanti.Garanti ikubiyemo gukoreshwa mubucuruzi ku buryo bweruye, cyangwa hari ukwirengagiza gushyinguwe neza? Ni ubuhe buryo bwo gusaba? Irimo imirimo cyangwa ibice gusa? Uruganda rumwe twasuzumye garanti zidafite agaciro niba amashanyarazi arenze amps 43, arenze byoroshye hamwe na - amashanyarazi menshi.
- Ibisobanuro bya BMS.Kuringaniza ingirabuzimafatizo kuri 200mA + ningirakamaro mubikorwa byubucuruzi aho amakarito akoresha igice cyisohoka inshuro nyinshi. Kuringaniza pasiporo ikora neza mugukoresha abaguzi hamwe na remarge ya buri munsi. Birananirana muburyo bwubucuruzi. Reba kandi hasi - kurinda ubushyuhe (birinda kwishyurwa munsi ya dogere 32 F, itera kwangirika kwakagari).
- Uburyo bwo gupima ubuzima."3.000 cycle" bivuga ibintu bitandukanye bitewe nibizamini. Ni ubuhe burebure bwo gusohora? Ubushyuhe burihe? Baza ikizamini cya protocole inyandiko. Abakora ibyamamare bazabitanga.
- Konti zerekana.Umucuruzi wese ugurisha mumato yubucuruzi agomba kuguhuza nibikorwa 2 - 3 bigereranywa. Baza izo nyandiko zerekeye uburambe bwo gusaba garanti. Imikorere y'ibicuruzwa iroroshye kugenzura. Inyungu yo kugurisha nyuma yo kugurisha irigaragaza gusa mugihe hari ibitagenda neza.
| Uruganda | Garanti | Amagare yavuzwe | Ikirere gikonje | Gahunda y'Ubucuruzi |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Trojan | 10 yr | 3,500-5,000 | Bisanzwe | Urusobe rwabacuruzi, amasomo yimanza |
| RELION | 10 yr | 3,500+ | Bisanzwe | IP67 yagaragaye, itsinda ryunganira amato |
| Litiyumu Yunze ubumwe | 8 yr | 3,000-5,000 | Bisanzwe | Bluetooth BMS, kugurisha akarere |
| BigBattery | 12 yr | 3,500+ | Bisanzwe | OEM irahari, agaciro gakomeye / kWt |
| Dakota Litiyumu | 11 yr | 2,000-5,000 | Impamyabumenyi ya 20 | Ibyiza kubirere byo mumajyaruguru |
Kugabanuka kumato mubisanzwe bikoresha 15-25% kubiciro byatangajwe kubicuruzwa bya 20+ ibice. Ganira. Impera kumapaki ya lithium ishyigikira kugabanuka kwingirakamaro mubunini.
Urwego rwo gufata ibyemezo dukoresha mubyukuri
Kubohereza amato mashya:
48V lithium, ingana na ibahasha yawe ikora wongeyeho 25% buffer. Ntukirukane ubushobozi ntarengwa. Ntukemere ubushobozi buke. Huza porogaramu.
Amato 36V asanzwe afite ubuzima bwa mashini asigaye:
36V lithium retrofit, ipaki imwe ihuriweho (ntabwo igizwe na 12V nyinshi murukurikirane), hamwe nuwasimbuye charger yashyizwe mubikorwa byumushinga.
Kumato 36V ariho yegereje iherezo - yubuzima - ubuzima:
Simbuza amakarito 48V aho guhinduka. Ubukungu bushigikira gusimburwa.
Amato avanze:
Shyira kuri voltage imwe niba bishoboka. Kubika ibarura rya charger ebyiri, ibice bibiri bitemba, hamwe na protocole ebyiri zamahugurwa bitera gukora hejuru yangiza amafaranga yo kuzigama bivuye kuri voltage "nziza".
Dukoresha gahunda yicyitegererezo kubakiriya basuzuma amato - inzibacyuho yagutse. Amagare atanu kugeza ku icumi, igihe cyuzuye cyo gukora, uruhande - ugereranije - ugereranije nibikoresho bihari. Ibipimo byapimwe bivuye kuri uriya muderevu biramenyesha icyemezo kinini cyamasoko hamwe nimibare ifatika uhereye kubutaka bwawe, uburyo ukoresha, ikirere cyawe. Ibishushanyo mbonera byakozwe ningirakamaro. Amakuru yimikorere mumitungo yawe nibyiza.
Niba ukora muri iri sesengura ukaba ushaka kuvuga ukoresheje umwihariko, itsinda ryacu rya tekinike rikemura ibyo biganiro buri gihe. Tuzakubwira niba imibare idashyigikiye ibyo utekereza, kabone niyo byaba bivuze gutanga inama yo kugura.
* Amakuru yerekana chimie ya LiFePO4 mubihe byubucuruzi guhera muntangiriro ya 2025. Ibiciro, ibisobanuro, nibihari bigomba guhinduka. Ikizamini cyubuzima bushingiye kubizamini byakozwe na 80% byubujyakuzimu. *
