Nibihe Batteri ya Litiyumu ishobora guteza akaga? Igitabo cyumutekano kubaguzi B2B
LFP (lithium Iron phosphate) kuri ubu niyo nzira yizewe kuri porogaramu ya B2B. Ariko "umutekano" wakoreshejwe cyane nababitanga kuburyo ntacyo bivuze.Nabonye bateri ya LFP ifite ibishushanyo bya BMS biteye ubwoba hamwe na selile ihuye itera ibibazo nkibibazo byinshi nka - chemisties.
Maze imyaka itandatu nkora amasoko ninkunga yumushinga muri Polinovel. Muri 2023, umwe mubakiriya bacu ba AGV yaje iwacu nyuma yuko bateri zabo za mbere zitanga LFP zitangiye kunanirwa. Chimie yari nziza. Ariko BMS yari ifite 80mA iringaniza gusa, hanyuma nyuma y'amezi atandatu voltage ya selile ikwirakwira igera kuri 63mV. Ipaki yatumye kurinda umutekano bihagarara hagati yumurongo wabo. Amasaha ane yo kumanura. Ntabwo bigeze bambwira igihombo nyacyo, ariko ntibongeye kugura uwaguhaye isoko.
Iyi ngingo rero ntabwo yerekeye "chimiya iteje akaga." Byerekeranyenigute ushobora kumenya niba bateri yizewe koko, kandi niba ikiguzi cyo kuzigama kumahitamo ahendutse kurokoka guhura nukuri - ibikorwa byisi.
Chimie: LFP ifite umutekano, ariko ntabwo kubwimpamvu ingingo nyinshi zivuga
Uzasoma ahantu hose ko LFP yamashanyarazi ibaho kuri dogere 270 mugihe NMC ari dogere 200 gusa. Nukuri. Ariko mvugishije ukuri, kurwego rwa 200 ibikoresho byawe bimaze gusenywa. Itandukaniro rya dogere 70 ntabwo aribyingenzi.
Icyangombwa niigipimo cyo gukwirakwiza ubushyuhe bwumuriro.
Twakoze ibizamini byo gutoranya umushinga wa forklift mumwaka wa 2022. twohereje selile NCA na LFP muri laboratoire yo kugerageza ubushyuhe bwumuriro. Ingirabuzimafatizo za NCA zimaze gukurura, zerekanye izamuka ry'ubushyuhe burenga dogere 400 ku munota. Kuva kumatabaza yambere kugeza kumuriro ugaragara muminota ibiri. Ingirabuzimafatizo za LFP? Igipimo cyo gukwirakwizwa hafi ya dogere 1.7 / min. Guhagarika umuriro byari bifite umwanya wo gukora.
Sisitemu ya PowerTech ifite ingingo ya tekiniki ivuga igipimo cyo gukwirakwiza NCA kugera kuri dogere 470 / min (powertechsystems.eu). Hafi y'ibyo twapimye. Ninimpamvu nyayo LFP itekanye:ntabwo bizananirana, ariko ko iyo binaniwe, uba ufite umwanya wo kubyitwaramo.
Nabonye kandi bateri za LFP zifata umuriro. Mu 2024, ikamyo yari itwaye akabati yo kubika ingufu za LFP yaguye muri Tayiwani. Batteri yicaye amasaha 16, hanyuma ihita ikongoka. Yategetse. Yatwitse amasaha arenga icumi. Ntukibwire rero ko LFP bivuze ko ushobora kwirengagiza umutekano.
Ubwiza bwo gukora: Aha niho nshaka kumara umwanya
Ubuhanga bwa chimie bwatoranijwe nuwabitanze. Ntushobora kubihindura. Ariko ubwiza bwinganda burashobora kugenzurwa, kandi aha niho ibibazo byinshi biva.
Guhuza Akagari
Twanze ibyiciro bitatu bya selile umwaka ushize. Byose kubera voltage ikwirakwizwa irenze ibipimo byacu. Icyiciro kimwe cyavuye neza neza - kizwi. Raporo y'ibizamini byabo yagize ati "voltage ikwirakwira munsi ya 10mV cyangwa ingana." Igenzura ryacu ryinjira ryasanze 34mV.
Kuki nita cyane kubijyanye no gukwirakwiza voltage?
Hano hari insanganyamatsiko kuri DIY Solar Forum aho ukoresha "OffGridInverters" yabisobanuye neza:
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Ibipimo byacu byinjira ni voltage ikwirakwizwa munsi ya 15mV, ihinduka ryimbere ryimbere munsi ya 5%. Ntabwo abatanga ibicuruzwa benshi bashobora guhura nibi.
Ubwiza bwo gusudira
Ibi biragoye gufata. Gusudira Lazeri hamwe no gusudira aho gusudira bisa nkaho biva hanze, ariko birebire - ijambo kwizerwa riratandukanye cyane.
Nashishimuye paki yananiwe rimwe. Habonetse gutwikwa kugaragara - ukoresheje ibimenyetso kuri tab ya electrode. Ubu bwoko bw'inenge, BMS ntishobora kubimenya. Ibizamini byo gukora amashanyarazi byerekana bisanzwe. Ariko nyuma yumwaka umwe cyangwa ibiri, gusudira guhuza umunaniro bikananirana.
Umuntu kuri Reddit r / bateri yashyizeho ifoto ya bateri bafunguye, basanga abagurisha bakonje imbere. Igice cyibitekerezo cyuzuye abantu bavuga ko babonye ikintu kimwe. Ntushobora gufata ibi mugihe cyo gutanga amasoko. Urashobora guhitamo gusa uwaguhaye isoko.
Icyumba cyumye Kugenzura Ubushuhe
Ibi birasobanutse neza. Umusaruro wa batiri ya Litiyumu ukeneye ubuhehere buri munsi ya 500ppm. Ubushuhe bukora hamwe na electrolyte kugirango ikore aside hydrofluoric, yonona imiterere yimbere, ikora micro - ikabutura.
Ikibazo ni micro - ikabutura irashobora kuguma idasinziriye amezi, ndetse numwaka, mbere yuko itera ubushyuhe. Ibintu byose bisa nibisanzwe mugihe cyo kwipimisha. Nyuma y'amezi atandatu, gutungurana gutunguranye, kandi ntushobora kumenya impamvu.
Nabajije abatanga ibicuruzwa byinshi kubijyanye nicyumba cyumye cyo kugenzura ubushuhe. Bamwe ntibashoboye gusubiza. Bamwe batanze imibare idasobanutse. Abatanga isoko ninde ushobora kunyereka ibiti byabo byumye byo gukurikirana? Kugeza ubu bibiri gusa.
BMS: Aho bihendutse bihenze
Kunanirwa guhishe
Ndashaka kwifashisha isesengura ryakozwe na "MAXIMUM_AMPS," injeniyeri ya sisitemu yashizwemo kurubuga rwa Endless Sphere. Yatanyaguye uduce twinshi twa BMS ihendutse asanga ibibazo byinshi bisanzwe:
Icyambere, kurinda IC gukoresha nabi.
Ibice byinshi bihendutse bya BMS bikoresha chip nka DW01, igenewe porogaramu imwe - selile. Ariko hano hari amatoni ya 4S, 10S, 14S BMS ku isoko ukoresheje iyi chip. Buri selile ibona ubwigenge bwayo bwigenga IC. Byumvikane neza, sibyo? Ikibazo: niba IC imwe yananiwe, iyo selile ifite uburinzi bwa zeru, kandi sisitemu nta nteguza iyo ari yo yose.
Urudodo rwumwimerere hano: rutagira iherezo - umuzenguruko.com
Icya kabiri, kuringaniza imiyoboro iri hasi cyane.
DIY Solar Forum yabiganiriyeho byinshi. Ubusanzwe BMS ihendutse iringaniza ikora 50 kugeza 150mA. Kora imibare: 100Ah selile, 1% SOC ubusumbane ni 1Ah, kuri 100mA kuringaniza bifata amasaha 10.
Ariko ukuri ni bibi. BMS nyinshi ikora gusa kuringaniza kurangiza kwishyurwa. Niba ibikoresho byawe bikoresha amahirwe yo kwishyuza (shyiramo akantu gato, hanyuma ucomeke), ntushobora kugera kumurongo uringaniye.
Ubu turasaba byibuze 500mA kuringaniza ibikorwa byumushinga wose. Igura amafaranga agera kuri 50 kugeza kuri 70 kuri buri paki. Ariko serivisi zacu zo guhamagara zaragabanutse cyane.
Icya gatatu, gukurikirana ubushyuhe ntacyo bukora.
BMS ihendutse mubisanzwe ishyira thermistor imwe kurubaho. Ubushyuhe bwubuyobozi nubushyuhe bwakagari burashobora gutandukana kuri dogere 15 kugeza kuri 20. Mugihe sensor yubuyobozi ibonye ubushyuhe burenze, selile zirashobora kuba mubibazo.
Igishushanyo kiboneye gisobanura ibyuma byinshi byubushyuhe, thermistors yashizwe kumurongo wa selile, logique yo gukingira iterwa no gusoma cyane.
Batteri z'impimbano kandi zitemewe: Bikunze kugaragara kuruta uko ubitekereza
IEEE Spectrum yatanze raporo kubushakashatsi ko CT - yasuzumye selile 1, 054 18650 selile. Muri selile ziva mubirango byingengo yimari, hafi 8% bari bafite inenge "anode overhang". Ibi bitera imbere mugihe gito, ariko ibizamini bisanzwe ntibishobora kubimenya. (specran.ieee.org)
Ibimenyetso byo kuburira bateri zimpimbano:
Ubushobozi busabwa.Utugingo ngengabuzima 18650 kuri ubu twinshi cyane hafi 3.500mAh. Ikintu cyose gisaba 5,000mAh cyangwa 9,900mAh ni impimbano. Ikiringo.
Ibiciro biri hasi bidasanzwe.LFP selile muri 2025 ikoresha hafi $ 36 / kWh kurwego rwakagari nkuko BloombergNEF ibivuga. Niba ibivugwa biri munsi yibi, haba impimbano cyangwa selile ya Grade B.
Gutanga byihuse.Bateri ikwiye yinganda ikorwa muburyo bwo gutumiza. Igihe cyo kuyobora ibyumweru 4 kugeza 8 nibisanzwe. Amato mu cyumweru kimwe? Birashoboka ububiko bwa kera cyangwa amasoko atazwi.
UN38.3 icyemezo cya mbere {{1} rate igipimo cyigihe ni 70%. Ibyo bivuze ko 30% yibishushanyo bya batiri binanirwa kugerageza umutekano wibanze. Ibicuruzwa bidafite icyemezo? Ibyago biri hejuru gusa.
Kugereranya Ibiciro: Imibare nyayo iva mumishinga yacu
Reka nsangire amakuru afatika yoherejwe nabakiriya.
Gusimbuza Bateri ya Forklift (2023, Umukiriya wububiko muburasirazuba bwubushinwa)
Umukiriya yari amaze imyaka itanu akoresha aside - aside. Yadusabye gusubiramo umusimbura wa LFP.
| Ingingo | Kuyobora - Acide | LFP |
|---|---|---|
| Igiciro cya bateri | $8,500 | $21,000 |
| Guhindura amashanyarazi | Nta na kimwe gikenewe | $ 3,200 / ubumwe |
| Igiteranyo cyimodoka 12 | $102,000 | $290,400 |
Umukiriya wa mbere reaction: ihenze cyane. Nabasabye kubara amafaranga yimyaka 5 yo gukora.
Amafaranga yo gukoresha imyaka 5:
Kuyobora - ibintu bya aside:
- Gusimbuza Bateri (inshuro 2 mumyaka 5): ¥ 8.500 × 2 × 12=¥ 204,000
- Amashanyarazi (80% yuburyo bwo kwishyuza): ~ ¥ 4,200 / ubumwe / umwaka × 12 × 5=¥ 252,000
- Kubungabunga (kuvomera, kugenzura aside): ~ ¥ 800 / ubumwe / umwaka × 12 × 5=¥ 48,000
- Umusaruro wabuze kuva kwishyuza igihe cyo gutegereza: ntabwo ubarwa, ariko umukiriya yavuze byibuze amasaha 1.5 yatakaye kumodoka kumunsi
LFP ibintu:
- Abasimbuye Bateri: ¥ 0 (garanti yimyaka 8, ntibishoboka ko ikenera gusimburwa mumyaka 5)
- Amashanyarazi (gukora neza 95%): ~ ¥ 3.500 / ubumwe / umwaka × 12 × 5=¥ 210,000
- Kubungabunga: ¥ 0
- Gutezimbere umusaruro: kwishyuza amahirwe birashoboka, iminota 15 mugihe cya sasita ihagije kugirango irambe kugeza iherezo rya shift
Imyaka 5 Yose:
Kurongora - aside: ¥ 102, 000 + 4 504, 000=6 606,000
LFP: ¥ 290, 400 + ¥ 210, 000 =, 500 500
Itandukaniro hafi 100.000. Niba ugira uruhare mu gutakaza umusaruro, icyuho ni kinini.
Umukiriya yemeye umushinga. Gukora hafi imyaka ibiri ubungubu, ntakibazo gikomeye.
Ububiko bw'ingufu ROI (2024, Uruganda mu Ntara ya Jiangsu)
Uyu mushinga wari impinga ya - yogosha ibikoresho byo gukora.
Ubushobozi bwa sisitemu: 500kWh
Igishoro cyose: 80 680.000 (harimo kwishyiriraho)
Impinga - igiciro cyikibaya gikwirakwira: ¥ 0,62 / kWt
Ubujyakuzimu bwa buri munsi: 0.8
Iminsi yo gukora kumwaka: 300
Kuzigama amashanyarazi buri mwaka: 500 × 0.8 × 0,62 × 300=¥ 74,400
Kwishura Inyigisho: 80 680.000 ÷ ¥ 74,400 ≈ imyaka 9.1
Imyaka 9.1 yo kwishyura ntabwo idasanzwe. Ariko umukiriya yari afite ikindi gitekerezo: bafite izuba hejuru yinzu ikunda kugabanuka mugihe cyo kubyara umusaruro. Sisitemu yo kubika yazamuye igipimo cy’imikoreshereze yizuba. Izo nyungu ntizifatwa mu kubara hejuru.
Nanone, hari inkunga zaho zo kubika ingufu muri Jiangsu. Ikintu nka ¥ 0.2 / kWh / umwaka winkunga yo gukora. Hamwe n'inkunga, igihe cyo kwishyura kigabanuka kugeza kumyaka 6.
Icyemezo: Ibisabwa Mubyukuri
Ntabwo ndi inzobere mu mabwiriza. Ibyinshi mubyo nzi hano biva mumatsinda yacu yemewe kandi yubahiriza.Ugomba kugira:
UN38.3- Ni itegeko ryo gutwara. Bitabaye ibyo, ibigo bitanga ibikoresho ntibizakora kuri bateri yawe. Kwipimisha bigura ahantu hagati y $ 5,000 na 70.000 bitewe nibisobanuro bya batiri. Icyambere - igipimo cyo gutambuka hafi 70%, bivuze 30% byibishushanyo ntibishobora no gukuraho iyi bar shingiro.
IEC 62619- Igipimo cyumutekano kuri bateri yingufu zinganda. Birasabwa kwinjira mu Burayi.
UL 9540- Kuri sisitemu yo kubika ingufu. Birakenewe ku isoko ryo muri Amerika ya ruguru cyangwa umushinga uwo ariwo wose ukeneye ubwishingizi.
Kuvuga ubwishingizi. Twari dufite umukiriya ukora umushinga wo kubika ingufu wahisemo ibicuruzwa bitemewe kugirango ubike amafaranga imbere. Ibigo byubwishingizi byanze kwishura ubwishingizi cyangwa byavuzwe haruguru (1.5% byagaciro ka sisitemu buri mwaka). Barangije bahindura ibicuruzwa byemewe. Premium yagabanutse kugera kuri 0.4%.
Hariho ubushakashatsi bwa Aviva buvuga ko 54% byubucuruzi byahuye na batiri ya lithium (ubushyuhe bwinshi, umwotsi, umuriro). Ibigo byubwishingizi bireba iyi mibare kandi bigahinduka. Ibicuruzwa bitemewe bizagira igihe gikomeye kandi gikomeye cyo kwinjira kumurongo wemewe.
Ibyifuzo byanjye: Nigute Mugaragaza Abaguzi
Nkurikije uburambe bwanjye muriyi myaka:
Baza ibyerekeye isoko.
Ntabwo ari ikimenyetso bakoresha, ahubwo nukuntu bagenzura no gucunga ibikoresho byinjira. Abatanga ibicuruzwa bashobora kukwereka ibipimo byubugenzuzi byinjira hamwe nibyitegererezo byizewe.
Baza ibyerekeye igishushanyo mbonera cya BMS.
Kurinda IC icyitegererezo cyumubare, kuringaniza ubushobozi bwubu, umubare no gushyira ibyuma byubushyuhe. Ntushobora gusubiza cyangwa guhunga? Kurenga kurutonde rwawe.
Baza raporo y'ibizamini.
Ntabwo ari ibyemezo. Raporo y'ibizamini byuzuye. Impamyabumenyi zirashobora guhimbwa. Raporo y'ibizamini iragoye cyane kubeshya. Raporo zirimo laboratoire yo gupima, amatariki yikizamini, ibintu byihariye byo kugerageza nibisubizo.
Baza nyuma ya - igisubizo cyo kugurisha.
Ninde ukemura ibibazo, igihe cyo gusubiza, niba bafite injeniyeri. Ntushobora kugenzura ibi mugihe cyamasoko, ariko urashobora kubona uburyo amasezerano yamasezerano yanditse.
Baza ibibazo byatsinzwe.
Umuntu wese utanga isoko umaze imyaka mike akora ubucuruzi yakoze amakosa. Abatanga isoko bafite ubushake bwo kuganira kubyo bananiwe ni abizerwa kuruta abavuga ngo "nta kibazo twigeze tugira."
Ibitekerezo byanyuma
Nkora kuri Polinovel, bityo ibipimo byo gusuzuma nasobanuye haruguru, murwego runaka, bisobanura uburyo dukora ibintu ubwacu.
Dufite voltage ikwirakwira hamwe nibipimo byo kurwanya imbere muri selile zinjira. Ibishushanyo byacu bya BMS bikoresha gahunda yo kurinda neza, ntabwo ari ubwoko bwa DW01 buhendutse. Impamyabumenyi zacu ziruzuye. Ariko sinzavuga ko turi "beza ku isoko" kuko "ibyiza" ni ijambo ridafite ubusobanuro.
Icyo navuga ni iki: niba urimo gusuzuma inganda zitanga inganda za lithium, reka tuganire. Vuga amakuru arambuye. Vuga ibyerekeye porogaramu yawe yihariye. Vuga imitego ishobora kuba. Ntidushobora kuba amahitamo ahendutse, ariko turashobora gusobanura impamvu twishyuza ibyo twishyuza.
Ibibazo? Menyesha itsinda ryacu tekinike. Umuntu azakugarukira mumasaha 48.
