kilo kugeza kuri kilowateri: Gusobanukirwa Imbaraga vs Ingufu
Umuyobozi ushinzwe kugura mububiko bukonje muri Michigan yaduhamagaye ukwezi gushize. Yashakaga gusimbuza amashanyarazi ashaje - acide ya forklift ya acide na lithium, kandi akora umukoro we. Ubwoko bwa. Yabaze ko forklifts yatwaye hafi 4kW ugereranije, yakoresheje amasaha 6 kuri buri mwanya, bityo akenera bateri 24kWh. Kugwiza byoroshye.
Usibye ko forklifts ye itagikubita inshuro zose. Tumaze kunyura mubikorwa bye bifatika, ibisabwa nyabyo byasohotse hafi ya 38kWh. Ikinyuranyo ntabwo cyari ikosa ry'imibare. Yatahuye kilo na kWh neza. Icyo yabuze ni igihombo cyimikorere, ubujyakuzimu bwimipaka isohoka, hamwe nubushobozi buke bwo gukorera mubidukikije -5 dogere. Izi ngingo ntizigaragara mubibare byibanze, kandi ntibigaragara no kubitanga byinshi.
Gushushanya Amashanyarazi Kubika Ingufu
Itandukaniro riri hagati ya kilowatts na kilowatt - amasaha azamuka ndetse ninzobere mu gutanga amasoko afite uburambe, ahanini kubera ko amagambo yumvikana kugeza igihe utangiriye kwandika amabwiriza yo kugura.
Kilowatts ipima imbaraga ako kanya. Iyo moteri yawe ya forklift ikora kuri 8kW, nicyo gipimo gikuramo ingufu mumwanya uwariwo wose. Kilowatt - amasaha apima ingufu zose zikoreshwa mugihe. Moteri ya 8kW ikora amasaha 2 ikoresha 16kWh yingufu.
Inzira yo guhindura iroroshye:
Ingufu (kWh)=Imbaraga (kW) × Igihe (amasaha)
Ariko iyi formulaire ifata ibintu byiza. Batteri nyayo ntabwo ikora gutya.
Imibare Utanga isoko ntabwo akwereka
Datasheets ya Bateri yerekana ubushobozi bwizina. Ipaki ya batiri "100kWh" irimo 100kWh yo kubika ingufu za theoretical. Ubushobozi bukoreshwa buratandukanye, mubisanzwe hafi 80% kuri sisitemu ya lithium. Sisitemu yo gucunga bateri ibika 20% yubushobozi bwose kugirango ikingire ibintu byihuta byihuta byangirika.
| Ubwoko bwihariye | Icyo Bisobanura | Agaciro gasanzwe |
|---|---|---|
| Ubushobozi bw'izina | Ububiko bwuzuye | 100 kWt |
| Ubushobozi bukoreshwa | Ingufu ziraboneka mbere yo guhagarika BMS | 80 kWt |
| Uruzinduko - Urugendo rwiza | Ingufu hanze ÷ Ingufu muri | 87-94% |
| Ubujyakuzimu bwo gusohora (DoD) | Basabwe ijanisha ryo gusohoka | 80% kuri LFP |
Ubushyuhe bwongera ikibazo. Dukurikije imibare yo gupima DOE, ubushobozi bwa batiri ya lithium igabanuka kugera kuri 80% kuri dogere 0 kandi ikamanuka munsi ya 60% kuri dogere -20. Icyo kigo cya Michigan gikora forklifts mububiko bwa firigo? Batteri ye "100kWh" yatangaga wenda 65kWh yingufu zikoreshwa mugihe cyimbeho.
Ingano yukuri ya konte kuri izi mpinduka:
Ubushobozi bwa Bateri busabwa =
Kumutwaro wa 5kW ukoresha amasaha 4: (5 × 4 × 1.1) ÷ 0.8 ÷ 0.92 = 29.9 kWt
Ntabwo ari 20kWh. Itandukaniro riri hagati yiyi mibare yombi ni itandukaniro riri hagati ya bateri zuzuza neza kwizerwa na bateri zihuza abakoresha hagati - aisle saa mbiri.
C - Igipimo n'impamvu Ingano ya Bateri igira ingaruka kurenza igihe cyo gukora
Amatsinda yamasoko akunze kutubaza niba agomba kugura bateri nini cyangwa ibice byinshi bito. Igisubizo giterwa nuburyo uteganya kuzikoresha, kandi ibyo bituzanira igipimo cya C -.
C - igipimo gisobanura umuvuduko wo gusohora ugereranije nubushobozi. Gusohora 1C gusiba bateri mu isaha imwe. Gusohora 0.5C bifata amasaha abiri. Gusohora 2C bifata iminota mirongo itatu.
Igipimo cyo hejuru C - gitanga ubushyuhe bwinshi imbere muri selile. Ubushyuhe bwinshi bivuze gukora neza, kwangirika byihuse, kandi mubihe bikabije, ibisabwa byo gucunga ubushyuhe byongera ikiguzi kandi gikomeye.
| C - Igipimo | Igihe cyo gusezerera | Ubushobozi busanzwe | Ubushyuhe |
|---|---|---|---|
| 0.5C | Amasaha 2 | 96-98% | Hasi |
| 1C | Isaha 1 | 93-95% | Guciriritse |
| 2C | Iminota 30 | 88-92% | Hejuru |
| 3C+ | <20 minutes | <88% | Irasaba gukonjesha |
Aha niho umubano wa kw - kugeza - kWh umubano ushimishije kubyemezo byamasoko.
Reba ibintu bibiri kuri forklift igera kuri 12kW:
Ihitamo A: ipaki ya batiri 20kWh
Isabwa ryinshi itanga igipimo cya 0,6C. Imikorere iguma hafi 94%. Nta gukonjesha gukenewe. Ariko igihe cyo kugarukira kumasaha agera kuri 3 yumurimo nyirizina.
Ihitamo B: ipaki ya bateri 40kWh
Impinga imwe ya 12kW ikora igipimo cya 0.3C gusa. Imikorere iratera imbere kugeza kuri 97%. Igihe cyo gukora kigera kuri 6+ amasaha. Batare nayo igira impungenge nke kuri buri cyiciro, ikongerera igihe cyose.
Ipaki nini igura imbere cyane. Ariko imikorere yunguka ibihumbi byinshi byikurikiranya, kandi igihe kinini cyo kubaho gitinda ibiciro byo gusimburwa. Twakoresheje imibare kumirongo myinshi yo guhindura amato, kandi ingingo yamenetse mubisanzwe igwa hafi amezi 18-24 kubikorwa bikora ibintu byinshi.
Litiyumu na Kurongora - Acide: Kugereranya Ubushobozi Umuntu wese abona nabi
Kugereranya bateri byinshi byibanda kuri chimie. Litiyumu imara igihe kirekire, yishyuza vuba, bisaba kubungabungwa bike. Byose ni ukuri. Ariko kugereranya ubushobozi niho amakipe atanga amasoko akora amakosa ahenze.
Amashanyarazi ya 100Ah - acide ya acide yagaragaye kuri C20 (20 - isohoka ryamasaha) itanga ubushobozi buke cyane mubikorwa byakazi. Iyi phenomenon, yitwa ingaruka ya Peukert, itera bateri ya aside-aside itakaza 30-50% yubushobozi bwazo iyo isohotse vuba.
| Ubwoko bwa Bateri | Peukert | Ubushobozi kumasaha 1 yo gusohoka | Igihombo Cyiza |
|---|---|---|---|
| Litiyumu (LFP) | 1.02-1.10 | 95-98 Ah | 2-5% |
| AGM Isonga - Acide | 1.05-1.15 | 80-90 Ah | 10-20% |
| Isasu ryuzuye - Acide | 1.20-1.60 | 50-70 Ah | 30-50% |
"100Ah" yuzuye amazi ya batiri - bateri ya aside isohotse mu isaha imwe irashobora gutanga 56Ah gusa. Batiri "100Ah" ya litiro mubihe bimwe itanga 95-98Ah.
Ibi birasobanura impamvu abakora amato bava mumashanyarazi - acide bakajya muri lithium akenshi usanga udupaki duto - ubushobozi bwa litiyumu iruta icyerekezo kinini - acide yababanjirije. Umubare wamazina ntushobora kugereranywa kuko tekinoroji yibanze yitwara muburyo butandukanye munsi yumutwaro.
Guhindura Ubukungu
Dukurikirana amakuru yikiguzi kuva imishinga yacu yo kwishyiriraho. Imibare ikurikira irerekana ibisubizo nyabyo bivuye mububiko no kugabura, ntabwo ari theoretical projections.
Amashanyarazi Forklift na Propane: 5,000 lb Icyiciro
| Icyiciro cyibiciro | Kumenyekanisha | Amashanyarazi (Kurongora - Acide) | Amashanyarazi (Litiyumu) |
|---|---|---|---|
| Igiciro cyo Kugura Igice | $24,000-30,000 | $32,000-38,000 | $35,000-42,000 |
| Bateri / Sisitemu ya lisansi | Harimo | $5,000-7,000 | $8,000-12,000 |
| Igiciro cyingufu kuri Shift | $18-24 | $4-6 | $2-4 |
| Igiciro cyo Kubungabunga / Isaha | $2.00 | $1.50 | $1.10-1.25 |
| Gusimbuza Bateri (5yr) | N/A | $5,000-7,000 | Mubisanzwe ntayo |
| Ubuzima Bwateganijwe | Amasaha 12.000 | Amasaha 15.000 | 20, 000+ amasaha |
Igice cya propane gifite igiciro gito cyo kugura. Ifite kandi igiciro kinini cyo gukora. Lithium y'amashanyarazi ifite igiciro kinini cyo kugura ariko igiciro gito cyo gutunga nyirizina mugihe cyibikoresho bisanzwe byimyaka 5-7.
Isesengura ryimyaka 8 ya TCO: Amato-50
Igice cya gatatu - gitanga ibikoresho muri Texas cyanditse ko bahinduye kuva aside - acide kuri lithium hejuru yimitwe 50 yo mu cyiciro cya I forklift. Ibisubizo mugihe cyimyaka 8 yo gusuzuma:
| Ibipimo | Kuyobora - Amazi ya Acide | Umuyoboro wa Litiyumu | Itandukaniro |
|---|---|---|---|
| Igiciro cyose cyingufu | $892,000 | $489,000 | -$403,000 (45%) |
| Gusimbuza Bateri | $340,000 | $0 | -$340,000 |
| Kubungabunga umurimo | $612,000 | $234,000 | -$378,000 (62%) |
| Kwishyuza Ibikorwa Remezo | $85,000 | $142,000 | +$57,000 |
| Ibiciro byo kumanura | $445,000 | $89,000 | -$356,000 (80%) |
| Igiciro Cyimyaka 8 | $4,180,000 | $1,890,000 | -$2,290,000 (55%) |
Igihe cyo kwishyura: amezi 31. Nyuma yiyo ngingo, amato ya lithium yinjije amafaranga agera kuri 285.000 $ buri mwaka ugereranije no gukomeza sisitemu -. (Inkomoko: ugowork.com ubushakashatsi bwakozwe)
Itandukaniro ryingufu zingufu zagize igice kinini cyokuzigama. Kurongora - sisitemu ya aside muri ubu bushakashatsi yerekanye 57% kuzenguruka - gukora neza. Abasimbuye Lithium bageze kuri 87% bazenguruka - gukora neza. Iyo urimo kwishyuza 50 forklifts kumasoko menshi kumunsi, icyo cyuho cyamanota 30 cyerekana amafaranga nyayo.
Guhitamo Ubushobozi Kubikorwa Byinganda
Ingano ya Batteri ntabwo ari uguhuza gusa na kWh ibisabwa. Ikigereranyo cya kilo - kugeza - kWh igena imiterere yububiko bwa batiri yumvikana kubikorwa byawe.
Imbaraga Zirenze, Ubushobozi Buke (Imbaraga - Optimized)
Porogaramu: Sisitemu ya UPS, moteri itangira, muri make - ibisabwa muri iki gihe
Izi bateri zikoresha electrode yoroheje kandi irwanya imbere imbere. Barashobora gutanga umuyaga mwinshi nta voltage ikabije. Ariko bigura byinshi kuri kilowati yo kubika kuko igishushanyo mbonera gishyira imbere ubwinshi bwingufu kuruta ubwinshi bwingufu.
Imbaraga za 10kWh - yatunganijwe neza ishobora kugura 30 - 50% kurenza bateri ya 10kWh ikoreshwa neza na chimie isa.
Ubushobozi Bukuru, Imbaraga Ziciriritse (Ingufu - Optimized)
Porogaramu: Forklifts, AGVs, sisitemu yo kubika ingufu, ibinyabiziga byamashanyarazi
Izi bateri zikoresha electrode nini cyane ibika ingufu nyinshi kuri selile. Bakora neza imitwaro iringaniye neza ariko ntibigenewe kugufi - biturika.
Kubintu byinshi byo gukoresha ibikoresho, ingufu - ibishushanyo mbonera byumvikana neza kuko imiterere yumutwaro ikubiyemo gukoresha neza aho gusohora byihuse.
Guhuza Ibisobanuro Kuri Porogaramu
| Gusaba | Imbaraga zisanzwe | Igihe gikenewe | Ubwoko bwa Bateri |
|---|---|---|---|
| Icyiciro Nicaye - hepfo ya Forklift | Impinga ya 8-15 kw, impuzandengo ya 4-6 | Amasaha 6-8 | Ingufu - zashyizwe hejuru, 30-50 kWt |
| Icyiciro cya III Pallet Jack | Impinga ya 2-4 kw, impuzandengo ya 1-2 kW | Amasaha 8-10 | Ingufu - zashyizwe hejuru, 15-25 kWt |
| AGV / AMR | Ikigereranyo cya kilowati 1-3 | Amasaha 8-12 | Ingufu - zashyizwe hejuru, 10-20 kWt |
| Ububiko bukonje | Impinga ya 10-18 | Amasaha 4-6 | Ingufu - zashyizwe hejuru + gushyushya, 40-60 kWt |
Ubukonje bukonje bukwiye kwitabwaho bidasanzwe. Igihano cyubushobozi buturutse ku bushyuhe buke bivuze ko ukeneye kurenza 25 - 40% ugereranije nubushyuhe bwibidukikije. Ibikoresho bimwe usanga kwishyiriraho sisitemu yo gushyushya bateri (itwara 200-500W mugihe cyo kwishyuza) bisaba amafaranga make ugereranije no kugura paki nini.
Ni ayahe makipe atanga amasoko agomba kugenzura
Abatanga isoko bakunze gusiba amakuru arambuye mugutegura ibikorwa. Mbere yo gushyira umukono ku masezerano yo kugura, wemeze ibi bisobanuro:
Ubushobozi bwo gupima ubushobozi.Ubushobozi bwapimwe bwapimwe kuri dogere 25 hamwe nigipimo cyamasaha 20? Ibyo nibisanzwe bya laboratoire idashobora guhuza ibidukikije cyangwa imiterere yumutwaro.
Gukomeza hamwe nimbaraga zo hejuru.Abatanga ibicuruzwa bamwe bavuga imibare itangaje yo gusohora bateri ishobora kumara amasegonda 30 gusa. Forklift yawe ikeneye imbaraga muminota, ntabwo amasegonda.
Amagambo yo gutanga garanti.Garanti ikubiyemo ubushobozi bwo gutesha agaciro? Ni uwuhe muryango? Garanti nyinshi ya lithium yemeza ko 70-80% igumana ubushobozi nyuma yumubare wizuba cyangwa imyaka.
Ibisobanuro bya BMS.Ni ubuhe burinzi sisitemu yo gucunga bateri itanga? Hasi - ubushyuhe bwo kwishyuza burinda lithium yangiza. Akagari - urwego rukurikirana rufata selile zananiranye mbere yuko zigira ingaruka kumapaki yose.
Ibikoresho.Baza amakuru yamakuru kubakiriya bakoresha ibikoresho bisa mubihe bisa. Ibisobanuro byihariye ntacyo bivuze kuruta kwerekana imikorere.
Kubara bifite akamaro
KW - kugeza - kWh ihinduka ni imibare yoroshye. Kubara amasoko byerekana niba ishoramari rya batiri ryatsinze cyangwa ryananiwe biragoye:
Ingufu nyazo zisabwa=(Imbaraga zimpanuka × Igihe cyagenwe gin Umutekano wumutekano) ÷ (DoD × Imikorere × Ubushyuhe)
Kububiko bukonje bukonje bukurura impinga ya 12kW hejuru yamasaha 6 kuri dogere -5:
(12 × 6 × 1.15) ÷ (0.80 × 0.90 × 0.85) = 135.3 kWhh nibisabwa
Mubimenyerezo, wahitamo bateri murwego rwa 50 - 60 kWh kuko ikigereranyo cyo gukoresha ingufu kiri munsi yicyifuzo cyo hejuru, kandi wagira amahirwe yo kwishyuza mugihe cyo kuruhuka. Ariko gukoresha iyi mibare hamwe ninyongeramusaruro zifatika zigaragaza impamvu guhindura amato menshi adakora neza. Amakipe angana na bateri ashingiye kumiterere yikigereranyo kandi avumbura inzira igoye batteri ikeneye kugirango ikemure ibintu bibi cyane.
Twabonye ubu buryo inshuro nyinshi muguhindura forklift, kubohereza AGV, no kubika ingufu. Ibikoresho bigenda neza hamwe n'amashanyarazi ya batiri nibyo bibara igihombo cyiza, ingaruka zubushyuhe, hamwe nuburebure bwimipaka isohoka mugihe cyicyiciro. Ibikoresho birwana nibyo bigwiza kilo kumasaha kandi ukeka ko byakemuye ikibazo.
Niba urimo gukora muriyi mibare kumushinga runaka, itsinda ryabasabye risubiramo ibisabwa kandi ritanga ibyifuzo binini bishingiye kumikorere yawe. Impanuro ifata iminota igera kuri 30 kandi ikubiyemo ibikoresho bisobanura, ibidukikije, hamwe nu mwirondoro. Twahitamo gufata amakosa manini mbere yo kwishyiriraho kuruta gukemura bateri zidakora neza nyuma yo gushira mubikoresho.
* Ibisobanuro bya tekiniki hamwe namakuru yo kwiga yerekanwa muriyi ngingo arahari bisabwe. Kumushinga - inama zihariye, hamagara itsinda ryacu ryubwubatsi hamwe nibikoresho byawe nibisabwa mubikorwa. *
