Sisitemu yo kuringaniza ingufu za batiri
Kuringaniza ubushobozi nimbaraga zinyuranye hagati yutugingo ngengabuzima muri paki ya batiri no kunoza igipimo cyo gukoresha ingufu za paki ya batiri, hakenewe uruziga ruringaniza mugihe cyo kwishyuza no gusohora. Ukurikije uburyo umuzenguruko ukoresha ingufu mugihe cyo kunganya, birashobora kugabanywamo ibyiciro bibiri byingenzi: ubwoko bwo gukwirakwiza ingufu nimbaraga zitari -. Ubwoko bwo gukwirakwiza ingufu bukwirakwiza ingufu zirenze nkubushyuhe, mugihe ingufu zitari - zoherejwe zohereza cyangwa zihindura ingufu zirenze izindi bateri.
Gukwirakwiza ingufu - ubwoko bwo gucunga neza
Gukwirakwiza ingufu - ubwoko buringaniye buringaniza bugera kuburinganire muguhagarika amashanyarazi yumuriro binyuze mumashanyarazi abangikanye muri selile ya bateri, nkuko bigaragara mumashusho 8 - 12. Imiterere yumuzunguruko iroroshye, kandi inzira yo kuringaniza irangira mugihe cyo kwishyuza. Ariko, ntishobora kuzuza imbaraga za selile - ubushobozi buke buri selile, bikavamo imyanda yingufu hamwe nuburemere bwiyongera kuri sisitemu yo gucunga amashyuza. Ibikoresho byo gukwirakwiza ingufu z'amashanyarazi muri rusange biri mu byiciro bibiri:
Gukwirakwiza ingufu - ibikoresho byamashanyarazi mubusanzwe biri mubyiciro bibiri: Icya mbere, guhora shunt ristoriste iringaniza iringaniza ryumuzunguruko, aho ristoriste ihora ihujwe na parike ya buri batiri. Ubu buryo burangwa no kwizerwa cyane hamwe nigiciro kinini cyo kurwanya shunt, kugabanya itandukaniro mumashanyarazi ya selile kugiti cye bitewe na - gusohora binyuze mumashanyarazi ahamye. Ikibi cyacyo nuko rezistor ya shunt ihora ikoresha ingufu mugihe cyo kwishyuza no gusohora, bikaviramo gutakaza ingufu zikomeye; mubisanzwe birakwiriye gukoreshwa aho ingufu zishobora kuzuzwa vuba.
Icya kabiri, hindura - igenzurwa na shunt résistor iringaniza iringaniza ryumuzunguruko, aho shunt irwanya igenzurwa na switch. Mugihe cyo kwishyuza, iyo voltage ya bateri kugiti cye igeze kumashanyarazi, igikoresho cyo kuringaniza kirinda kwishyuza cyane kandi gihindura ingufu zirenze ubushyuhe. Uyu muzingi uringaniza ukora mugihe cyo kwishyuza kandi urashobora guhagarika amashanyarazi kuri selile kugiti cye hamwe na voltage nyinshi mugihe cyo kwishyuza. Ikibi cyacyo nuko kubera igihe gito cyo kuringaniza, ubushyuhe bwinshi butangwa mugihe cya shunt bugomba gukwirakwizwa mugihe gikwiye binyuze muri sisitemu yo gucunga amashyuza, ibyo bikaba bigaragara cyane mumapaki ya batiri afite ubushobozi bunini.
Kurugero, mumashanyarazi ya 10Ah, itandukaniro rya voltage ya 100mV irashobora kuvamo itandukaniro ryubushobozi burenga 500mAh. Niba igihe cyo kunganya ari amasaha 2, amashanyarazi ya shunt ni 250mA, kurwanya shunt bigera kuri 14Ω, naho ubushyuhe bwabyaye ni 2Wh.
Non - imbaraga zo gukwirakwiza ingufu zingana
Imiyoboro idakwirakwiza - ikoresha ingufu nke cyane ugereranije ningufu zogukwirakwiza ingufu, ariko imiterere yumuzingi iragoye. Bashobora kugabanywamo ubwoko bubiri: kuringaniza ingufu no kunganya ingufu.
Kuringaniza Ingufu
Kuringaniza ingufu zingirakamaro zikoresha ibimenyetso byo guhinduranya kugirango zuzuze ingufu za selile zitandukanye zivuye muri bateri rusange cyangwa zihindure ingufu za selile zitandukanye zisubire mubipaki rusange. Guhindura imbaraga zingirabuzimafatizo kugiti cya rusange mubisanzwe bibaho mugihe cyo kwishyuza bateri, nkuko bigaragara ku gishushanyo cya 8-13. Uyu muzunguruko umenya voltage ya buri selile kugiti cye; iyo voltage ya selile imwe igeze ku gaciro runaka, kuringaniza module itangira gukora. Irayobora amashanyarazi muri selile kugiti cyayo kugirango igabanye voltage yumuriro, kandi umuyoboro uyobowe uhindurwa na module hanyuma ugaburirwa muri bisi yishyuza, ukagera kuburinganire. Uburyo bumwe bwo guhindura imbaraga buringaniza burashobora kandi gukoresha inductors yubusa kugirango urangize imbaraga ziva mumaselire kugiti cya paki.
Umuzunguruko wo guhindura ingufu za paki zose za batiri kuri selile zitandukanye zirerekanwa mumashusho 8-14. Ubu buryo bwitwa kandi kuringaniza. Mugihe cyo kwishyuza, module nyamukuru yo kwishyuza ibanza kwishyuza bateri, mugihe umuzunguruko wa voltage ukurikirana buri selile. Iyo voltage ya selile iyariyo yose iri hejuru cyane, uruziga nyamukuru rwo kuzimya ruzimya, hanyuma module yinyongera iringaniza itangira kwishyiriraho paki. Binyuze mu gishushanyo mbonera cyiza, amashanyarazi yumuriro murwego rwo kuringaniza akoreshwa kuri buri selire kugiti cye binyuze mumashanyarazi yigenga ya DC / DC hamwe na coaxial coil ihinduranya, wongeyeho icyerekezo kimwe cya kabiri. Ibi byemeza ko selile zifite voltage nyinshi zakira ingufu nke zumuzunguruko wamashanyarazi, mugihe selile zifite voltage yo hasi zakira ingufu nyinshi, bityo zikagera kuburinganire. Ikibazo nubu buryo nuko kugenzura guhuza kwa kabiri guhinduranya bigoye. Ndetse hamwe nimpinduka zisa, urebye impinduramatwara yamenetse hamwe nubusabane hagati yumuzunguruko wa kabiri, selile imwe ntishobora kwakira voltage imwe yumuriro. Byongeye kandi, coaxial coil nayo ihura nogukwirakwiza ingufu, kandi ubu buryo bwo kuringaniza bukemura gusa ikibazo cyo kwishyuza ubusumbane, kunanirwa gukemura ubusumbane muburyo bwo gusohora.
Kuringaniza ingufu
Iringanizwa ry'ingufu zikoresha ibikoresho bibika ingufu nka inductors cyangwa capacator kugirango wohereze amafaranga kuva hejuru - ubushobozi bwa selile kugabanura selile - selile mumashanyarazi, nkuko bigaragara mumashusho 8 - 15. Uyu muzunguruko wohereza ingufu hagati ya selile zegeranye uhindura capacator, kwimura amafaranga kuva hejuru - voltage kugeza kuri selile - kugirango bigere kuburinganire. Ubundi, ihererekanyabubasha ryingufu hagati yingirabuzimafatizo zegeranye zirashobora kugerwaho ukoresheje ububiko bwingufu. Uyu muzunguruko ufite imbaraga nke cyane, ariko bisaba koherezwa inshuro nyinshi mugihe cyo kuringaniza, bikavamo igihe kirekire cyo kuringaniza kandi bigatuma bidakwiriye kumapaki ya batiri -. Ubushobozi bunoze - uburyo bwo guhinduranya buringaniza burashobora kongera umuvuduko mukuringaniza uhitamo - voltage nini na selile ntoya ya selile yohereza ingufu. Nyamara, kugena ingufu no gushyira mubikorwa uburyo bwo guhinduranya mukuringaniza ingufu biragoye.
Usibye uburyo bwo kuringaniza hejuru, kwishyuza trickle birashobora no gukoreshwa kugirango ugere kuri bateri mugihe cyo kwishyuza. Ubu ni bwo buryo bworoshye kandi ntibusaba ko hajyaho imfashanyo yo hanze. Harimo guhora wishyuza urukurikirane - uhuza ipaki ya batiri hamwe numuyoboro muto. Kuberako amashanyarazi ari mato cyane, kwishyuza birenze bigira ingaruka nke kuri bateri yuzuye. Kubera ko bateri yuzuye idashobora guhindura ingufu z'amashanyarazi ingufu za chimique, ingufu zirenze izahinduka ubushyuhe. Batteri zidafite umuriro wuzuye, ariko, zirashobora gukomeza kwakira ingufu z'amashanyarazi kugeza zigeze kumuriro wuzuye. Muri ubu buryo, nyuma yigihe kirekire ugereranije, bateri zose zizagera kumuriro wuzuye, bityo bigere kuburinganire. Nyamara, ubu buryo busaba igihe kinini cyo kuringaniza igihe cyo kwishyuza kandi kigakoresha ingufu zitari nke kugirango tugere ku buringanire. Byongeye kandi, ubu buryo ntacyo bukora mugucunga kuringaniza ibicuruzwa.
Ibibazo mu gusaba
Ibisubizo biriho buringaniza ibisubizo byerekana cyane cyane ubushobozi bwa bateri hashingiwe kumashanyarazi ya batiri - voltage - uburyo bwo kuringaniza. Kugirango ugere kuri paki ya batiri iringaniye, ubunyangamugayo buhanitse kandi busobanutse neza mugushakisha voltage ni ngombwa. Imiyoboro yamenetse mumuzunguruko wa voltage igira ingaruka kuburyo butaziguye kumapaki ya batiri. Kubwibyo, gushushanya ibintu byoroshye kandi bikora neza byerekana imbaraga za voltage ni ikibazo cyingenzi cyo kuringaniza imirongo. Byongeye kandi, voltage ntabwo igipimo cyonyine cyubushobozi bwa bateri. Imbere yo kurwanya imbere no guhuza muburyo bwo guhuza nabyo bitera imbaraga za voltage. Kubwibyo, kwishingikiriza gusa kuri voltage yo kuringaniza bishobora kuganisha hejuru ya - kuringaniza no guta ingufu. Mubihe bikabije, birashobora no gutera ubusumbane mumapaki ya batiri, nubwo ubushobozi bwambere buringaniza.
Imiyoboro yo gukwirakwiza ingufu ziroroshye muburyo bwubaka, ariko iringaniza iringaniza itwara ingufu mugihe cya shitingi kandi ikabyara ubushyuhe, bigatera ibibazo byo gucunga ubushyuhe. Kubera ko bigabanya cyane cyane imbaraga zidasanzwe cyangwa nkeya ya terefone mu ngirabuzimafatizo zitandukanye binyuze mu gukwirakwiza ingufu, birakwiriye gusa kuringaniza. Kwiyongera kwinshi - ubushyuhe bugabanya sisitemu yo kwizerwa, bigatuma idakwiranye ningirakamaro. Ubu buryo burakwiriye gusa kubuto cyangwa buke - ipaki yububiko.
Imiyoboro yohereza ingufu nuburyo bwo kwishyura ubushobozi bwa batiri, aho bateri yo hejuru - itanga ingufu zitanga imbaraga zo kwishyura bateri yo hasi -. Mugihe bishoboka, ubu buryo buragoye, bunini, kandi buhenze bitewe nuko hakenewe gukurikiranwa na voltage ya selile imwe mumuzunguruko nyirizina. Byongeye kandi, ihererekanyabubasha rigerwaho hifashishijwe uburyo bwo kubika ingufu, butangiza gukoresha ingufu no kugenzura ibibazo. Ubu buryo bwo kuringaniza bukoreshwa mubisanzwe bipakira.
Ku rundi ruhande, imiyoboro ihindura ingufu, ikoresha amashanyarazi kugirango uhindure ingufu. Ugereranije no guhererekanya ingufu, biragaragara ko bitoroshye kandi bihenze. Nyamara, kuri coaxial coil, uburebure butandukanye nuburyo butandukanye bwinsinga zihuza imirongo kuri buri selile bivamo ibipimo bitandukanye byo guhinduka, biganisha ku kuringaniza kudahuza buri selile bikavamo kuringaniza amakosa. Byongeye kandi, coaxial coil ubwayo ikoresha ingufu bitewe na electromagnetic yamenetse nibindi bibazo.
