Inverter ni iki?

Been ukorana nizuba kuva 2021, wakoze mubyukuri amakosa yose ushobora gukora, ikotomoni iroroshye ariko inzu ifite imbaraga mugihe abaturanyi batabikora ... birakwiye?

Nibyiza rero ... inverter.

Ndagira ngo ngerageze kubisobanura ntabonye tekiniki zose kuko mvugishije ukuri igihe natangiraga kureba izuba nkimyaka 4 ishize buri ngingo nasomye yari yoroshye cyane ("ihindura imbaraga!") Cyangwa yuzuye amagambo yubuhanga nashize hejuru. Indimu rero shakisha hagati.

Inverter ifata amashanyarazi ya DC ikayihindura amashanyarazi ya AC. Ako ni akazi kose.

DC=icyerekezo kitaziguye (icyo imirasire y'izuba ikora, icyo bateri zibika)
AC=guhinduranya amashanyarazi (ibyo inzu yawe ikoresha, ibiva mubisohoka)

Kuki iki kibazo? Kuberako mubyukuri ibintu byose murugo rwawe - frigo yawe, TV, charger ya terefone, iryo tara ridasanzwe riva muri IKEA - bose biteze ingufu za AC. Ariko imirasire y'izuba iguha DC. Ikintu rero kigomba kugihindura. Ko ikintu ari inverter.

Ndibuka inshuti yanjye Jake (niwe wanyinjije muri kiriya kintu cyose cyizuba) yagerageje kunsobanurira kuri barbecue kandi nabaye nk "" sawa ariko kuki imirasire y'izuba idashobora gukora AC gusa? " kandi we gusa ... yampaye iyi sura. Hindura ni physics. Imirasire y'izuba itanga DC. Ikiringo. Ntushobora guhindura ibyo. Inverter rero ni.

Nibyiza rero haribintu byingenzi 3 byingenzi, byenda 4 niba ushaka guhitamo.

Ibi nibyo abantu benshi batekereza. Agasanduku kamwe, mubisanzwe kuruhande rwinzu yawe cyangwa muri garage, ikora panne yawe yose.

Umuturanyi wanjye Dave afite iyi gahunda. Afite nka paneli 20 ngira ngo? Ahari 18. Ibyo ari byo byose, inverter imwe. Kumutwara hafi 1.800 $ kuri inverter ubwayo, hanyuma andi $ 1200 cyangwa arenga kugirango ushyire. Isosiyete ye yizuba yagerageje kumuzamura kuri microinverters ariko yari nka nah Ndi mwiza.

Ikora neza ... kugeza igihe itabikora. Dore ikintu - niba iyo inverter imwe isenyutse (kandi barabikora, mubisanzwe hafi yumwaka 10-ish uhereye kubyo nabonye), sisitemu yawe yose irahagaze. Gusa ... ntacyo. Nta mashanyarazi kugeza ubonye asimbuwe. Dave aracyakomeza nyuma yimyaka 3 nubwo aribyoakomanga ku giti.

Yewe n'ikindi kintu gifite umugozi uhinduranya - niba ikibaho kimwe gifite igicucu cyangwa cyanduye cyangwa inyoni ikayitera hejuru (bibaho birenze uko wabitekereza), ikurura umurongo wose. Ninkamatara ya Noheri kuva muri 90 aho itara rimwe ripfira umurongo wose ugacura umwijima. Ntabwo ari bibi cyane ariko ihame risa.

Aho kugirango rero inverter imwe nini, ushyira akantu gato ka inverter inyuma ya buri kibaho. Buri panel ikora DC yayo kuri AC ihinduka hano hejuru kurusenge.

Najyanye na Enphase microinverters. IQ 8+ niba hari uwitaye kuri moderi. Kuri sisitemu 15-sisitemu yari ...Kugenzura inyemezabuguzi zishaje... $ 4.280 gusa kuri microinverters. Ouch. Yego. Inzira ihenze kuruta umugozi inverter yaba yarabaye.

Ariko dore impamvu nticuza rwose:

Niba akanama kamwe gafite ibibazo, andi 14 komeza gukora neza. Ubwigenge bw'akanama ahanini.

Gukurikirana birasaze - - Ndashobora kubona neza icyo buri panel itanga mugihe nyacyo kuri terefone yanjye. (Yego ndabigenzura buri munsi. Yego umugore wanjye aransetsa kubwibi.)

Bategerezwa kumara imyaka 25 hamwe na garanti rero ... mubitekerezo sinzobura kwitiranya nabo.

Ibibi?

Birahenze (nigeze kubivuga?)

Niba umwe apfuye, umuntu agomba kwinjira hejuru yinzu yawe kugirango ayisimbuze. Hamwe numugozi inverter nubutaka - urwego agasanduku swap.

Igenzura rihinduka kinda. Nkuko ubu nzi ko iburasirazuba bwanjye - kureba panel # 4 bitanga 8% munsi yibyo byakagombye kandi bintera umusazi ariko ntibihagije mubyukuri mubikoraho.

Izi nizo zishobora gukoresha izuba na batiri.

Niba ubona ikintu kimeze nka Tesla Powerwall cyangwa bateri ya Enphase cyangwa ikindi icyo aricyo cyose, urashaka kimwe muribi. Cyangwa mubyukuri - umugambi wo kugoreka - Powerwall 3 ifite iyi yubatswe IN igaragara neza. Ntabwo uhinduranya ibice byinshi hamwe.

Ntabwo nigeze njya muriyi nzira kuberako bateri yari igicucu gihenze muri 2021. Nka $ 15k kuri bateri gusa wongeyeho kwishyiriraho. Nari nsanzwe mva amaraso kuri panne na microinverters kuburyo nabaye yego oya reka dusimbuze ibyo kurubu.

Ihute mbere yumwaka ushize (2024) kandi twagize ibyo byirabura bizunguruka mu cyi, kandi nicaye ngaho mfite $ 25k zifite imirasire yizuba idashobora gutuma frigo yanjye ikora kuko batwara imodoka - kuzimya iyo gride yamanutse (ikintu cyumutekano, kibuza abakozi bakora amashanyarazi, ndabibona ariko ndacyonsa), kandi ndatekereza ... birashoboka ko nari nkwiye kubona bateri.

Ntabwo wigeze ukurura imbarutso. Nibyo nkandi $ 12-15k kandi ngomba kumvisha umugore wanjye ko "bikwiye" aribyo kugurisha cyane mugihe amashanyarazi azimye inshuro nke mumwaka.

Inverter

Nibyiza rero inverters ifite amanota yingufu zapimwe muri watts cyangwa kilowatts. Ugomba guhuza ibi kugirango ... neza, nimbaraga ushobora gukoresha icyarimwe.

Inshuti zanjye zinshuti zisanzwe zifite 5kW cyangwa 6kW inverter. Microinverter yashyizeho tekiniki ikora 3.96kW yose hamwe (264W kuri panel x 15 paneli) ariko ntabwo arimwe rwose kuko ... mubyukuri uzi icyo ntazinjira mubyatsi kuriyi, imyubakire itandukanye.

Icyangombwa ni iki: Irashobora gukoresha ibintu byawe byose?

Reka tuvuge ko wiruka:

Frigo (700W ikora, ariko nka 2000W iyo compressor itangiye - yego nikintu)

Microwave (1200W)

Amatara (ahari 100W niba ukoresha LED ugomba kuba)

TV + router + ibyo aribyo byose (300W)

Idirishya rya AC (1500W)

Nibyo 3800W bikomeza niba ibintu byose bikorera icyarimwe, ariko iyo frigo yo gutangira frigo ikujyana kuri 5100W kumasegonda.

Ukeneye rero inverter ishobora gukora byibuze umutwaro uhoraho, kandi nibyiza ufite icyumba cyumutwe kubyo gutangira kwiyongera. Inverteri nyinshi ziyubashye zirashobora gukemura 120-150% kumasegonda make.

Ibi nabyize inzira igoye - neza, ntabwo arinjye, ariko inshuti yanjye Tom. Yabonye inverteri ya 3000W ihendutse kugirango izuba rye ribe RV yibaza impamvu ryakomeje kuzimya igihe yakoraga microwave. Hindura microwave ye yakuye 1200W ariko inverter yashoboraga gukora 3000W gusa ikomeza kandi ifite shitingi yo kubaga. Firigo ye wongeyeho microwave hamwe yarenze ibyo yashoboraga gukora. $ 300 inverter kumanuka, yagombaga kuzamura kugeza 4000W.

Imirasire y'izuba myinshi ni "grid - ihujwe" bivuze ko inverter yawe ihuza hamwe na gride yingirakamaro. Bakorera hamwe. Iyo ukoze imbaraga zirenze izo ukoresha, ibirenze bijya kuri gride (kandi ukurikije akamaro kawe, ubona inguzanyo). Iyo ukeneye imbaraga zirenze izo ukora, ukuramo gride.

Iki nicyo mfite. Ikora cyane 99% yigihe.

Ariko - - kandi ibi ni ngombwa - grid-ihujwe na inverters ifunga OFF mugihe gride yamanutse. Nubwo yaba ari izuba ryinshi kandi panne yawe irimo gukuramo ingufu. Inverter ibona nta kimenyetso cya gride iragenda "oya, ndi hanze" irahagarara.

Ntabwo nabyunvise igihe nabonye izuba. Natekerezaga ko imirasire y'izuba bivuze ko nagira imbaraga mugihe cy'umwijima. NIBYIZA. Ukeneye sisitemu ya bateri ifite uburyo bwihariye bwo kwimura kugirango ugumane ingufu mugihe cyabuze. Nibintu bitandukanye rwose bisaba amafaranga menshi.

Hariho kandi - grid inverters ya kabine nibintu bitajyanye nibikorwa na gato, ariko ntabwo aribyo abantu benshi bakeneye. Ibyo biragoye cyane kuko bagomba gucunga byose ubwabo - - gukora 60Hz ya AC ya AC, gucunga voltage, nibindi.

Inverters ntabwo ikora neza 100%. Imbaraga zimwe zitakara nkubushyuhe mugihe cyo guhinduka. Ni fiziki gusa.

Inverter nziza nyinshi ni 96-97% neza. Bamwe bavuga 98% (Enphase ivuga 97,6% kubwanjye).

Ese hari icyo bitwaye? Ehhh ... kinda?

Kimwe no ku mpapuro, inverter ya 96% ikora neza na 98% ikora neza - - kuri sisitemu ya 10,000 kWh / mwaka itandukanya 200 kWh. Ku $ 0.15 / kWh ayo ni $ 30 / umwaka. Kurenza imyaka 25 ayo ni $ 750. Ntakintu, ariko kandi ntabwo arenga kumasezerano.

Icyo ntekereza ko BYINSHI ni imikorere yumutwaro igice. Inverter zimwe zirakora cyane kuri max power ariko hanyuma zikamanuka nka 85% zikora neza mugihe ukurura 10% gusa yingufu zagenwe. Ibyo birakenewe cyane kuko umwanya munini ntabwo urimo usohora sisitemu - urimo ukora / ukoresha imbaraga zigice.

Ariko mvugishije ukuri ... Ntabwo nabuze ibitotsi hejuru yibi. Niba ureba inverters murwego rwa 95-98%, umeze neza. Ntukemere ko abanyamahuriro yizuba bakubwira ukundi (kandi ndavuga ko nkumuntu wabaye rwose uriya muswa atongana kuriyi interineti saa mbiri za mugitondo).

Inverter

Aha niho natwitse gato. Inverter cote yari ikintu kimwe. Igiciro cyanyuma cyari ... bitandukanye.

Ijambo ryanjye ryo gushyiramo izuba ryagize riti:

Ikibaho 15: $ 12,000

Microinverters: $ 4.280

Imirimo yo kwishyiriraho: $ 3.500

Uruhushya: $ 400

Igiteranyo: $ 20.180

Igiciro cyanyuma: $ 24,680

Kubera iki? Kubera:

Ikibaho cyamashanyarazi cyari gikeneye kuzamurwa ($ 1, 800 -- cyari akanama gashaje 100A, gakeneye 200A)

Ukeneye sub - akanama gashinzwe gusubira inyuma "mugihe turimo" ($ 750)

Amafaranga yo kugenzura umujyi yari hejuru ugereranije ($ 150 y'inyongera)

Imiyoboro imwe yarangije kuba ndende kuruta uko byari byitezwe ($ 300)

Ibikoresho bisanzwe ($ 400)

Simvuze ko banshutse - ibyinshi muribi byari ibintu byemewe byaje mugihe cyo kwishyiriraho. Ariko icyampa umuntu akambwira ngo nkoreshe bije 20% by "ibintu biza."

Na none - - kandi ibi birashobora kuba akarere kanjye - ariko kubona ibyemezo byafashe FOR-BURUNDU. Nkibyumweru 6. Kwiyubaka ubwabyo byari iminsi 2. Gutegereza kwemezwa numujyi byari ukwezi nigice. Tegura ibyo.

Imirongo ihindagurika: mubisanzwe garanti yimyaka 10-12, irashobora gushika kumyaka 20-25 kumafaranga

Microinverters: Mubisanzwe imyaka 25 isanzwe

Dore ikintu nubwo - garanti nibyiza gusa nkisosiyete ibishyigikiye. Narebye ibigo bitatu bya inverter bihomba mumyaka 5 ishize. Niba ufite garanti yikigo kitakibaho, congrats, ufite impapuro zidafite agaciro.

Komera hamwe namazina manini:

Enphase (microinverters)

SolarEdge (umugozi uhindura + optimizers)

SMA (umugozi uhindura)

Fronius (umugozi uhindura)

Generac (iniverisite ya Hybrid / bateri)

Hariho amahitamo ahendutse? Yego. Woba ukwiye kubishira mu kaga? Ntabwo nabikora. Umuturanyi wanjye yabonye bimwe - izina inverter yo mu Bushinwa kugirango abike $ 600. Yapfuye mu mwaka wa 3. Isosiyete ntikibaho. Yatanze amadorari 1,400 yo kuyasimbuza SolarEdge. Ubukungu bwibinyoma.

Nkoresha porogaramu ya Enphase buri munsi. Nkuko nabivuze, umugore wanjye aransetsa kubwibi, ariko ibyo aribyo byose.

Urashobora kubona:

Buri cyiciro cyibikorwa mubyukuri - igihe

Amakuru yamateka asubira mumyaka

Nibihe bikoresho bidakora neza

Sisitemu yubuzima

Ni ingirakamaro rwose. Nkukwezi gushize nabonye panel 7 yagabanutse kugera kuri 60% yumusaruro usanzwe. Hindura ishami ryibiti ryari ryaraguye hejuru yumuyaga. Hatabayeho gukurikirana nshobora kuba ntaribyumweru nabonye.

Data nerd muri njye akunda ibi bintu. Mfite urupapuro rwabigenewe. Nkurikirana ibihe bitandukanye. Nzi ko sisitemu yanjye itanga 1,247 kWt muri Nyakanga ugereranije na 412 kWh mu Kuboza. Ndi ... Nshobora kugira ikibazo.

Ariko nanone ni sisitemu YANYU, wishyuye amafaranga meza kubwayo, ushobora no kumenya uko ikora.

Umuyoboro wa WiFi- Inverter yanjye itakaza umurongo wa WiFi nka rimwe mukwezi. Ugomba kubisubiramo. Ikibazo cyambere kwisi ariko birababaje. Nize kubana nayo.

Kuvugurura porogaramu- Enphase isunika ibishya rimwe na rimwe kandi rimwe na rimwe babumba amatafari. Bibaye ku ntumwa yanjye (ihuriro ryitumanaho) rimwe, byabaye ngombwa ko mbona tekinoroji yo kuyisubiramo. Ibyo byari bishimishije (ntabwo byari bishimishije).

Ubushyuhe bukabije{2} Ibyanjye muri garage bikomeza kuba byiza ariko inverter yinshuti yanjye iri kurukuta rwerekera mu majyepfo kandi afite ibibazo mu cyi. Bahe igicucu niba ubishoboye.

Imiyoboro ihagarika ibibazo- Rimwe na rimwe, inverter yibwira ko ibona ikibazo cya gride mugihe ntayindi igahagarara. Byambayeho kabiri mumyaka 4. Mubisanzwe ukeneye gusubiramo.

Guhagarika byihuse- - Kode nshya isaba guhagarika modules byihuse (kugirango abashinzwe kuzimya umuriro bashobora kwica sisitemu byihuse niba bikenewe). Rimwe na rimwe ibinyoma-bitera. Kubabara mu ndogobe kugirango ukemure ibibazo kuko code yamakosa irasobanutse.

Nta na kimwe muri ibyo ari imperuka yisi, gusa ... ibintu byubuzima bibaho.

Inverter

kurambura intoki kuko ibi bigenda birebire

Reba, Ndi $ 24,680 muri iki kintu cyizuba. Amafaranga yishyurwa ryamashanyarazi yavuye kumadorari 180 / ukwezi ugereranije kugeza kumafaranga 15 yo guhuza. Ndimo kuzigama hafi $ 165 / ukwezi=$ 1,980 / umwaka.

Igihe cyo kwishyura: imyaka 12.5

Ongeramo muri bateri Birashoboka ko amaherezo nzabona: byinshi nka 18-20 yo kwishyura.

Amafaranga? Ni ... sawa. Ntabwo bitangaje. Ntabwo ndimo gukira kuriyi. Ariko mumyaka 10 mugihe abaturanyi bacu amashanyarazi yazamutseho 50% (bisa nkaho bishoboka) kandi uwanjye ntabwo aribyo, bizasa neza.

Impamvu - impamvu zamafaranga Nishimiye ko nabikoze:

Icyaha cy’ibidukikije cyaragaragaye

Numva ari byiza gukora imbaraga zanjye

Igikinisho gishimishije cya tekinoroji yo gukina na (kugenzura, gukora neza, ibyo byose)

Iyo grid yamanutse kandi amaherezo mbona iyo bateri ... kunyurwa

Impamvu - impamvu zamafaranga rimwe narimwe ndicuza:

Umutego wera wari uhenze

Ntabwo ari "shiraho kandi wibagirwe" nkuko nabitekerezaga

HOA yampaye intimba kubijyanye na panel (twarayikoze ariko biracyaza)

Inverter byumwihariko? Genda ufite ireme. Nicyo kintu nyamukuru mfata. Ntugabanuke. Shaka gukurikirana. Ingano neza. Kandi bije kurenza uko bakuvuze kuko burigihe ikintu kiza.

Ikindi kintu kimwe nifuza ko nabimenya kare

Yewe kandi niba UKORA warangiza ukabona bateri kumurongo - rebabateri ya ionicamahitamo. Nibyoroshye, bishyuza byihuse, kandi ntibifite ibibazo byo guhunga ubushyuhe bwa chimisties ya batiri ishaje ifite. Icyampa umuntu akambwira mbere yuko ntangira kugena ibiciro sisitemu - sisitemu yo kubika aside nka caveman.